Alkylated naphthalene compositions are usually formed by reacting naphthalene with an electrophilic agent under acid-catalyzed conditions to afford a mixture of monoalkylated naphthalenes, dialkylated naphthalenes, and sometimes polyalkylated naphthalenes. Reaction conditions are usually chosen to change the product distribution for purposes of modifying lubricant properties such as viscosity or volatility. Rarely does the product distribution exceed 90 wt. % monoalkylated naphthalenes. Viscosity and volatility may alternately be modified by obtaining a first fraction enriched in monoalkylated naphthalenes and a second fraction enriched in dialkylated naphthalenes and combining the first fraction and the second fraction in a specified ratio to produce a modified alkylated naphthalene composition having a targeted value of one of the viscosity or the volatility. The first fraction and the second fraction may be obtained by fractional distillation of a first alkylated naphthalene composition to afford an overhead fraction and a bottoms fraction.

The present invention relates to a method of marking a petroleum hydrocarbon by adding to and uniformly mixing with said petroleum hydrocarbon a chemical marker of general formula (I)

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wherein two of the residues R.sup.1-R.sup.10 are independently of each other selected from C.sub.1-C.sub.4-alkoxy, and eight of the residues R.sup.1-R.sup.10 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and C.sub.1-C.sub.4-alkyl, as well as to a composition of a petroleum hydrocarbon comprising a petroleum hydrocarbon and at is least one chemical marker of general formula (I). The presence and concentration of the chemical marker of general formula (I) in the composition of the petroleum hydrocarbon can be advantageously determined by laser ionization coupled with mass spectrometry or by laser ionization coupled with ion mobility spectrometry.

This invention relates to a functional fluid, comprising (A) from 70 to 90, preferably 75-87 wt.-% of alkoxy glycol according to formula (I) CH.sub.3—O—(CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2—O).sub.n—H wherein n is a number from 2 to 5, with the proviso that in at least 30 wt.-% of all compounds according to formula (I) n is 3, and that 15 to 65 wt.-% of all compounds according to formula (I) have n=4 or 5, and (B) less than 1.0 wt.-% of alkoxy glycol according to formula (II) R.sub.1—O—(CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2—O).sub.m—H wherein R.sub.1 is a C.sub.2 to C.sub.8 alkyl residue, m is a number from 2 to 6, (C) from 8 to 25, preferably 12-23 wt.-% of at least one compound according to formula (III) H—O—(CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2—O).sub.k—H wherein k is a number of 2 or higher, with the proviso that in at least 80 wt.-% of all compounds according to formula (III) k is 2 or 3, (D) at least one additive, selected from the group consisting of corrosion inhibitors, alkalinity agents, aging protection agents, defoamers and lubricants, the lubricants being selected from the group consisting of propylene oxide containing alkylene oxide polymers that are optionally substituted with a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl group, triglycerides, castor oil, ricinoleic acid, and ethoxylates of castor oil or ricinoleic acid, and mixtures thereof, the fluid comprising at most 3 wt.-% of an ester between boric acid and a glycol or alkylpolyglycol compound.

A link chain cleaning and lubricating device, and lubricants for use therein.

A lubricant formulation for an electric or hybrid vehicle includes a base oil, or a blend thereof, one or more additives, and a molybdenum amine complex, such as diisotridecylamine molybdate, are provided. Lubricant formulations can be characterized by one of: improving electric motor protection when a voltage is applied to an electrode in the presence of a formulation comprising the diisotridecylamine molybdate additive as compared to a fluid lacking the diisotridecylamine molybdate additive; maintaining the electrical resistance slope of a formulation comprising the diisotridecylamine molybdate additive as compared to a fluid lacking the diisotridecylamine molybdate additive; the formulation forming a protective film on copper surfaces; a change in color of the formulation indicating contact load, temperature, time, or viscosity change.

Proposed is a process of producing a high-quality lube base oil using a refined oil fraction obtained from waste lubricant as a feedstock. The process includes purifying waste lubricant to obtain a refined oil fraction, pretreating the refined oil fraction, and blending the pretreated refined oil fraction with unconverted oil (UCO), before or after vacuum distillation and catalytic dewaxing of the unconverted oil, or between the vacuum distillation and the catalytic dewaxing of the unconverted oil.

A lubricating oil composition may be suitable for a refrigerator and have excellent thermal stability when used with a refrigerant using difluoromethane (R32), trifluoroiodomethane (CF.sub.3I), and at least one selected from saturated fluorinated hydrocarbon compounds (HFC) other than difluoromethane (R32). Such compositions may include: a base oil (A) with at least one selected from a polyoxyalkylene glycol, a polyvinyl ether, a copolymer of a poly(oxy)alkylene glycol or a monoether thereof and a polyvinyl ether, and a polyol ester; and an aliphatic epoxy compound (B), wherein the content of the aliphatic epoxy compound (B) is more than 2.0% by mass based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition.

The present invention provides a thermal management system comprising a housing having an interior space; a heat-generating component disposed within the interior space; a heat exchanger; and a working fluid liquid disposed within the interior space wherein the heat-generating component is in contact with the working fluid. The working fluid comprises a Fischer-Tropsch derived base fluid; an antioxidant and anti-static additives. The system is constructed wherein a constant cyclical flow of working fluid is maintained across the heat-generating components, on to the heat exchanger and then back to the heat-generating component.

The present invention provides a method of thermal management of a heat-generating component comprising partially immersing a heat-generating component in a working fluid and transferring the heat from the heat-generating component using the working fluid in a constant cyclical flow of working fluid across the heat-generating components, on to a heat exchanger and then back to the heat-generating component.

A lubricating oil composition having a fluorescent compound that emits a fluorescent light. The fluorescent compound has a property of deteriorating with relevance to a deterioration of the lubricating oil composition. A deterioration measurement device having a light emitter that emits an irradiation light toward a measurement target object including a fluorescent compound, a light receiver, and a sensor. A deterioration measurement system having a lubricating oil composition and a deterioration measurement device.

A working fluid composition for a refrigerating machine, containing: a refrigerant containing trifluoroiodometbane; and a refrigerating machine oil containing a polyol ester and a hindered phenol compound, wherein a content of the hindered phenol compound is 0.6 to 10% by mass based on a total amount of the refrigerating machine oil.