An engineered Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) vector is provided. In particular, the present disclosure provides methods of treating or preventing a disease such as cancer, or an infectious disease, or methods for eliciting an immune response, with the engineered NDV vector. The engineered NDV vector provided herein is useful as an immunogenic composition, an oncolytic agent, or a vaccine.

Provided are an oncolytic virus for treating brain tumors using a recombinant Newcastle disease virus into which a Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vector-based PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) gene is inserted and a composition for treating brain tumors using the same which can be used for a therapeutic viral agent that can induce reduction of clinical symptoms or partial or complete remission through brain tumor cell death or brain tumor tissue reduction by expressing normal PTEN protein after being infected with brain tumor cells, as a recombinant Newcastle disease virus containing a human PTEN protein gene.

The invention relates to a novel Newcastle Disease Viruses (NDV) and transgene expressing Newcastle Disease Viruses (NDV), which have been demonstrated to possess significant oncolytic activity against mammalian cancers and an improved safety profile. The invention provides novel oncolytic viruses through the use of genetic engineering, including the transfer of foreign genes or parts thereof. The present invention also provides nucleic acids encoding a reverse genetically engineered (rg-)NDV comprising one or more of these foreign genes and having a mutation in the HN gene, said mutation allowing replication of said rgNDV in a cancer cell to a higher level than replication of an otherwise identical rgNDV not having said mutation in the HN gene, as well as a mutation in the F gene, said mutation resulting in a reduced ICPI value as compared to an otherwise identical rgNDV not having said at least one mutation in the F gene.

The present invention provides methods for inducing regression of tumors in human subjects, the methods utilize a modified mesogenic strain of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) with modified F protein cleavage site, which is non-pathogenic to poultry (lentogenic), but exhibits oncolytic properties. The disclosed methods provide safe, effective and reliable means to induce regression of a tumor in an individual in need thereof. These methods overcome the drawbacks of using pathogenic strains of viruses for human therapy.

The invention relates to transgene expressing Newcastle Disease Viruses (NDV), which have been demonstrated to possess significant oncolytic activity against mammalian cancers and/or an improved safety profile. The invention provides novel oncolytic viruses through the use of genetic engineering, including the transfer of foreign genes or parts thereof, such as genes encoding Atezolizumab or Bevacizumab. The present invention also provides nucleic acids encoding a reverse genetically engineered (rg-)NDV comprising one or more of these foreign genes and having a mutation in the HN gene, said mutation allowing replication of said rgNDV in a cancer cell to a higher level than replication of an otherwise identical rgNDV not having said mutation in the HN gene.

A paramyxovirus vaccine strain for novel coronavirus pneumonia and a construction method thereof are provided. The method includes performing a recombination of N and F genes of Newcastle disease virus type VII of Paramyxoviridae with P, M, H, L genes of Canine distemper virus of Paramyxoviridae to obtain a recombinant virus, inserting S1 gene of the novel coronavirus between the P and M genes of the recombinant virus to obtain a recombinant vector. The vaccine strain constructed can stably and efficiently express the novel coronavirus S1 protein, and induce the body to produce antibodies; and the recombined virus vaccine strain can stimulate the human body to produce mucosal immunity, and the prepared vaccine can be vaccinated through a nasal spray. Moreover, the vaccine strain can be tested in poultry and dogs, saving time, reducing costs, and being more conducive to actual production due to large output.

The invention relates to recombinant viral vectors for the insertion and expression of foreign genes for use in safe immunizations to protect against a variety of pathogens. The invention also relates to multivalent compositions or vaccine comprising one or more recombinant viral vectors for protection against a variety of pathogens. The present invention relates to methods of making an using said recombinant viral vectors.

The invention relates to a pharmaceutical formulation comprising at least three recombinant transgene expressing Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) strains, which have been demonstrated to possess significant oncolytic activity against mammalian cancers and an improved safety profile, a non-recombinant NDV strain, a reovirus type-3 and optionally a vaccinia virus. At least one of the recombinant NDV strains comprises in its viral genome a nucleic acid sequence comprising at least one foreign gene, the at least one foreign gene encoding a checkpoint modulator, and at least one of the recombinant NDV strains comprises in its viral genome a nucleic acid sequence comprising at least one foreign gene, the at least one foreign gene encoding an angiogenesis inhibitor. The viral genome of each of the at least three recombinant NDV strains comprises a mutation in the HN gene, said mutation allowing replication of said rgNDV in a cancer cell to a higher level than replication of an otherwise identical NDV not having said mutation in the HN gene. The pharmaceutical formulation provides an improved treatment of cancer, because instead of a monotherapy, a mixture of oncolytic viruses is applied.

The present disclosure provides a recombinant herpesvirus of turkeys (HVT) and a preparation method and use thereof. The present disclosure specifically provides a recombinant HVT, where an exogenous gene is inserted in a spacer region between an HVT005 region and an HVT006 region of an HVT genome; and the exogenous gene is selected from a gene derived from the group consisting of a Newcastle disease virus (NDV), an avian influenza virus (AIV), and an infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV); the spacer region between an HVT005 region and an HVT006 region of an HVT genome is located between 8,867 nt and 9,319 nt of the HVT genome, and has a nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1.

A recombinant Newcastle disease virus and a preparation method therefor, a recombinant plasmid, and use thereof. The recombinant Newcastle disease virus is obtained by replacing an F protein of a Newcastle disease virus lasota with an F protein of a Newcastle disease virus virulent strain. The recombinant chimeric virus has good safety and is capable of effectively inhibiting tumour cells, promoting tumour cell apoptosis, and effectively treating a tumour.