The present invention relates to macromolecular complexes comprising micron-scale networks which include binding motifs thereon which allow the covalent bonding of the micron-scale networks to particles which provide nanoscale display surfaces. In particular the present invention relates to micron-scale networks of TMV coat proteins comprising a peptide tag (e.g. SpyTag) and particles providing a nanoscale display surface comprising GFP and a corresponding binding protein (e.g. SpyCatcher) wherein the peptide tag and binding protein pair are capable of spontaneously forming a covalent bond.

Disclosed herein are methods of forming compounds and exemplary stable compounds in the nature of a conjugated compound at refrigerated or room temperature, which in some embodiments comprises an antigen and virus particle mixed in a conjugation reaction to form a conjugate mixture, such that the conditions and steps of forming these products allow for use of the conjugate mixture as a vaccine, including but not limited to use as a vaccine against various pathogens including for treatment of diseases caused by novel coronaviruses (including SARS-COV 2).

Disclosed herein are methods of forming compounds and exemplary stable compounds in the nature of a conjugated compound at refrigerated or room temperature, which in some embodiments comprises an antigen and virus particle mixed in a conjugation reaction to form a conjugate mixture, such that the conditions and steps of forming these products allow for use of the conjugate mixture as a vaccine, including but not limited to use as a vaccine against various pathogens including for treatment of diseases caused by novel coronaviruses (including SARS-COV 2).

Photodynamic virus particles including a plant virus particle associated with a photosensitizing agent are described. Methods of treating cancer in a subject by administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of the photodynamic virus particles and illuminating a cancer-bearing region of the subject to activate the photodynamic virus particles are also described.

Disclosed herein are methods of forming compounds and exemplary stable compounds in the nature of a conjugated compound at refrigerated or room temperature, which in some embodiments comprises an antigen and virus particle mixed in a conjugation reaction to form a conjugate mixture, such that the conditions and steps of forming these products allow for use of the conjugate mixture as a vaccine, including but not limited to use as a vaccine against various pathogens including for treatment of diseases caused by novel coronaviruses (including SARS-COV 2).

The invention describes recombinant DNA sequences transcribed into RNA constructs capable of forming Virus Like Particles (VLPs) suitable for insect control applications.

The present disclosure generally relates to nucleic acid molecules for use in regulating gene expression. Disclosed herein include nucleic acid molecules containing one or more structural elements of the viral capsid enhancer operably linked to a coding sequence of a gene of interest. In some embodiments, the viral capsid enhancer comprises a Downstream Loop (DLP) from a viral capsid protein, or a variant of the DLP.

The invention describes recombinant DNA sequences transcribed into RNA constructs capable of forming Virus Like Particles (VLPs) suitable for insect control applications. Specifically, the disclosure provides a method for controlling target insects comprising, transforming a microbial host with a first DNA sequence comprising a gene encoding a bacteriophage capsid protein and a second DNA sequence encoding an RNA transcript comprising at least one bacteriophage pac sequence coupled to an RNAi precursor sequence, inducing the microbial host to express the first and second DNA sequences, isolating virus-like-particles (VLPs) comprising the capsid protein and RNAi precursor from the microbial host, and contacting the isolated VLPs with the target insects.

Anticancer virus particles are described. Anticancer virus particles are filamentous or rod-shaped plant virus particle containing an anticancer agent within the interior of the virus particle. The anticancer agent can be attached either covalently or non-covalently within the interior of the virus particle. A therapeutically effective amount of an anticancer virus particle can be administered to a subject identified as having cancer to provide a method of cancer treatment.

The present invention relates to macromolecular complexes comprising micron-scale networks which include binding motifs thereon which allow the covalent bonding of the micron-scale networks to particles which provide nanoscale display surfaces. In particular the present invention relates to micron-scale networks of TMV coat proteins comprising a peptide tag (e.g. SpyTag) and particles providing a nanoscale display surface comprising GFP and a corresponding binding protein (e.g. SpyCatcher) wherein the peptide tag and binding protein pair are capable of spontaneously forming a covalent bond.