Herein discussed is a method of producing hydrogen comprising introducing a metal smelter effluent gas or a basic oxygen furnace (BOF) effluent gas or a mixture thereof into an electrochemical (EC) reactor, wherein the EC reactor comprises a mixed-conducting membrane. In an embodiment, the method comprises introducing steam into the EC reactor on one side of the membrane, wherein the effluent gas is on the opposite side of the membrane, wherein the effluent gas and the steam are separated by the membrane and do not come in contact with each other.

A method of introducing a metalliferous feed in an ironmaking process, the method including the steps of, pre-drying an iron containing sludge by drying means to an amount of 15 to 30% (w/w) moisture, mixing the pre-dried iron containing sludge with a binder material to obtain a granulate, having a particle size of less than 4 millimeter and drying the granulate to a maximum of 3% (w/w) moisture, thereby forming the metalliferous feed, wherein the metalliferous feed is subsequently injected into a cyclone part of a metallurgical vessel.

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for controlling the pressure in the exhaust gas duct of a converter in a steel mill using a pressure control loop. To optimize the defined pressure setpoint for the pressure control loop so as to prevent excessive amounts of outside air from being drawn in via the converter mouth, the pressure setpoint is determined according to the invention by adapting a raw value based on the extent to which smoke or flames is/are formed at the mouth (120) of the converter (100).

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for controlling the pressure in the exhaust gas duct of a converter in a steel mill using a pressure control loop. To optimize the defined pressure setpoint for the pressure control loop so as to prevent excessive amounts of outside air from being drawn in via the converter mouth, the pressure setpoint is determined according to the invention by adapting a raw value based on the extent to which smoke or flames is/are formed at the mouth (120) of the converter (100).

An apparatus is disclosed for a metallurgical furnace having a roof with an integrated off-gas hood. The roof has a hollow metal roof. The hollow metal roof has a top, a bottom, an outer sidewall and an inner sidewall. An opening extends from the top to the bottom and is defined by the inner sidewall. The opening is configured for one or more electrodes to pass therethrough. An enclosed space is defined between the top, the bottom, the inner sidewall and the outer sidewall. A spray-cooled system is disposed in the enclosed space and configured to spray coolant in the enclosed space on the bottom surface of the hollow metal roof. A channel having walls is disposed through the enclosed space, wherein the spray-cooled system extends between the top of the hollow metal roof and the wall of the channel.

An apparatus is disclosed for a metallurgical furnace having a roof with an integrated off-gas hood. The roof has a hollow metal roof. The hollow metal roof has a top, a bottom, an outer sidewall and an inner sidewall. An opening extends from the top to the bottom and is defined by the inner sidewall. The opening is configured for one or more electrodes to pass therethrough. An enclosed space is defined between the top, the bottom, the inner sidewall and the outer sidewall. A spray-cooled system is disposed in the enclosed space and configured to spray coolant in the enclosed space on the bottom surface of the hollow metal roof. A channel having walls is disposed through the enclosed space, wherein the spray-cooled system extends between the top of the hollow metal roof and the wall of the channel.

A process and a plant for cleaning furnace gas includes utilizing one or more sensors to continuously monitor one or more parameters indicative for an expected temperature peak in the blast furnace gas flow. The gas flow is then passed through a conditioning tower. In case the measured parameter exceeds a predefined limit value, a coolant, such as water, is sprayed into the blast furnace gas flow in the conditioning tower. Subsequently the flow of blast furnace gas passes one or more filter stations.

A process and a plant for cleaning furnace gas includes utilizing one or more sensors to continuously monitor one or more parameters indicative for an expected temperature peak in the blast furnace gas flow. The gas flow is then passed through a conditioning tower. In case the measured parameter exceeds a predefined limit value, a coolant, such as water, is sprayed into the blast furnace gas flow in the conditioning tower. Subsequently the flow of blast furnace gas passes one or more filter stations.

An apparatus is disclosed for a metallurgical furnace having a roof with an integrated off-gas hood. The roof has a hollow metal roof section. The hollow metal roof section has a top and a bottom surface. The hollow metal roof section has a center opening configured for one or more electrodes to pass therethrough. An enclosed space is disposed between the top and the bottom surface. A spray-cooled system is disposed in the enclosed space and configured to spray-coolant on the bottom surface of the roof. The integrated off-gas hood has an inlet open to the center opening. The spray-cooled system is also configured to cool the integrated off-gas hood.

An apparatus is disclosed for a metallurgical furnace having a roof with an integrated off-gas hood. The roof has a hollow metal roof section. The hollow metal roof section has a top and a bottom surface. The hollow metal roof section has a center opening configured for one or more electrodes to pass therethrough. An enclosed space is disposed between the top and the bottom surface. A spray-cooled system is disposed in the enclosed space and configured to spray-coolant on the bottom surface of the roof. The integrated off-gas hood has an inlet open to the center opening. The spray-cooled system is also configured to cool the integrated off-gas hood.