An emulsified liquid composition is disclosed comprising a hydrophobic phase, an emulsifying composition of a protonated amide and a protonated amine having defined carbon to nitrogen atom molar ratios and water. The compositions optionally comprise at least one of a defoamer, a coalescent agent, a preservative, a co-emulsifier, chain extender, crosslinker and a rheology modifier. The compositions are useful for application to induce hydrophobicity to inorganic, organic or fiber based materials without undesirable backwetting or re-wetting effects.

An emulsified liquid composition is disclosed comprising a hydrophobic phase, an emulsifying composition of a protonated amide and a protonated amine having defined carbon to nitrogen atom molar ratios and water. The compositions optionally comprise at least one of a defoamer, a coalescent agent, a preservative, a co-emulsifier, chain extender, crosslinker and a rheology modifier. The compositions are useful for application to induce hydrophobicity to inorganic, organic or fiber based materials without undesirable backwetting or re-wetting effects.

[Problem] To provide a sizing-agent-coated carbon fiber bundle in which, even when the sizing-agent-coated carbon fiber bundle has superior handling properties, the sizing agent on the sizing-agent-coated carbon fiber bundle exhibits excellent solubility in water and the adhesion amount of remaining sizing agent is reduced. [Solution] A sizing-agent-coated carbon fiber bundle obtained by applying polyethylene glycol and/or a surfactant to a carbon fiber bundle as a sizing agent, wherein all of the following conditions (i)-(iii) are satisfied. (i) The adhesion amount of the sizing agent is 0.15-0.80 parts by mass (inclusive) per 100 mass parts of the sizing-agent-coated carbon fiber bundle 100. (ii) The dry F-F friction coefficient is 0.39 or less. (iii) The adhesion amount of the sizing agent after washing for 50 seconds under the conditions disclosed in the specification is 0.12 parts by mass or less per 100 parts by mass of the sizing-agent-coated carbon fiber bundle 100.

[Problem] To provide a sizing-agent-coated carbon fiber bundle in which, even when the sizing-agent-coated carbon fiber bundle has superior handling properties, the sizing agent on the sizing-agent-coated carbon fiber bundle exhibits excellent solubility in water and the adhesion amount of remaining sizing agent is reduced. [Solution] A sizing-agent-coated carbon fiber bundle obtained by applying polyethylene glycol and/or a surfactant to a carbon fiber bundle as a sizing agent, wherein all of the following conditions (i)-(iii) are satisfied. (i) The adhesion amount of the sizing agent is 0.15-0.80 parts by mass (inclusive) per 100 mass parts of the sizing-agent-coated carbon fiber bundle 100. (ii) The dry F-F friction coefficient is 0.39 or less. (iii) The adhesion amount of the sizing agent after washing for 50 seconds under the conditions disclosed in the specification is 0.12 parts by mass or less per 100 parts by mass of the sizing-agent-coated carbon fiber bundle 100.

Provided is a composition for the treatment of fibers, such as PAN precursor fibers. The finish composition includes a polysiloxane; an emulsifier; water; and a dicarboxylic acid having a pK.sub.a from 1 to 4, and boiling point from 200 to 400° C. The dicarboxylic acid may have the following formula: ##STR00001##
where R.sub.1 is absent or a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, aromatic substituted or unsubstituted, hydrocarbon group; Y.sub.1 and Y.sub.2 are independently hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus, C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkyl group, or an alkoxy group; and X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 are independently one or more hydrogen atoms, a metal, a quaternary amine, or a hydrocarbon group having up to 6 carbon atoms, the hydrocarbon group being an alkyl group, an alkylene group, or an aromatic group, which may be branched or linear, and may optionally have one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur and phosphorus.

Provided is a composition for the treatment of fibers, such as PAN precursor fibers. The finish composition includes a polysiloxane; an emulsifier; water; and a dicarboxylic acid having a pK.sub.a from 1 to 4, and boiling point from 200 to 400° C. The dicarboxylic acid may have the following formula: ##STR00001##
where R.sub.1 is absent or a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, aromatic substituted or unsubstituted, hydrocarbon group; Y.sub.1 and Y.sub.2 are independently hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus, C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkyl group, or an alkoxy group; and X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 are independently one or more hydrogen atoms, a metal, a quaternary amine, or a hydrocarbon group having up to 6 carbon atoms, the hydrocarbon group being an alkyl group, an alkylene group, or an aromatic group, which may be branched or linear, and may optionally have one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur and phosphorus.

The invention relates to an aqueous coating composition, comprising: a) an aqueous polymer dispersion with said polymer containing monomeric units of at least one dicarboxylic acid monomer, bearing two carboxylic acid functional groups and said polymer remaining insoluble in water after neutralization and remaining in the form of dispersed polymeric particles having a mean particle size varying from 10 to 1000 nm, b) a crosslinker selected from aminoacids bearing at least two amino functional groups capable of reacting with said carboxylic functional groups. It also relates to its use in the treatment of flexible fibrous substrates, a method for and the coated or treated fibrous substrate.

The invention relates to an aqueous coating composition, comprising: a) an aqueous polymer dispersion with said polymer containing monomeric units of at least one dicarboxylic acid monomer, bearing two carboxylic acid functional groups and said polymer remaining insoluble in water after neutralization and remaining in the form of dispersed polymeric particles having a mean particle size varying from 10 to 1000 nm, b) a crosslinker selected from aminoacids bearing at least two amino functional groups capable of reacting with said carboxylic functional groups. It also relates to its use in the treatment of flexible fibrous substrates, a method for and the coated or treated fibrous substrate.

A heat insulation material is provided that is produced by drying a fibrous matrix impregnated with a solution of pseudo-peptides of formula (I), wherein: R is a side-chain of a natural or synthetic amino acid , R1 is either a linear or branched (C.sub.1-C.sub.3)alkyl group, or a linear or branched (C.sub.1-C.sub.3)alcoxy group, or an aryl group, or an aryl(C.sub.1-C.sub.3)alkyl group, or an aryloxy group, or a saturated or unsaturated heterocycle, n=1 or 2, and A is an aromatic or heteroaromatic group with at least one cycle.

A heat insulation material is provided that is produced by drying a fibrous matrix impregnated with a solution of pseudo-peptides of formula (I), wherein: R is a side-chain of a natural or synthetic amino acid , R1 is either a linear or branched (C.sub.1-C.sub.3)alkyl group, or a linear or branched (C.sub.1-C.sub.3)alcoxy group, or an aryl group, or an aryl(C.sub.1-C.sub.3)alkyl group, or an aryloxy group, or a saturated or unsaturated heterocycle, n=1 or 2, and A is an aromatic or heteroaromatic group with at least one cycle.