A fuel reforming system for a vehicle includes an Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) line for recirculating a part of exhaust gas of an engine towards an intake side, a fuel reformer provided on the EGR line, the fuel reformer reforming fuel that is to be supplied to the engine, and the fuel reformer supplying the reformed fuel to the engine via the EGR line, an EGR valve provided downstream of the fuel reformer, and a pressure control valve provided in the fuel reformer for controlling an inner pressure of the fuel reformer.

Systems and methods for treated exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) for an internal combustion engine are disclosed. The internal combustion engine has an exhaust manifold discharging exhaust gas and an intake manifold receiving forced air from a compressor. One or more exhaust treatment devices treat the exhaust gas and produce a treated exhaust gas. The EGR system includes an EGR line downstream of the one or more exhaust treatment devices and connected to the engine intake line downstream of the compressor, wherein the treated EGR line recirculates the treated exhaust gas to the intake manifold of the engine without passing through the compressor.

A method of operating an engine includes igniting a combustible mixture in a combustion chamber of the engine, which produces exhaust gases. The exhaust gases are ejected into an exhaust manifold of the engine to create a primary exhaust stream. A portion of the exhaust gases is separated from the primary exhaust stream to create a secondary exhaust stream. Air and fuel are then mixed with the secondary exhaust stream to form a reformer feed mixture. The reformer feed mixture is reacted in a catalytic reformer to create a reformate exhaust stream, which is then mixed with an intake air stream to create a mixed air stream. The mixed air stream is the fed to the combustion chamber of the engine as the combustible mixture.

The present disclosure relates to a gas engine heat pump including: an engine which burns a mixed air of air and fuel; a first charger which compresses the mixed air and supplies to the engine; a first exhaust flow path which is connected to the engine, and through which exhaust gas discharged from the engine flows; and a second charger which is driven by the exhaust gas branched from the first exhaust flow path to a second exhaust flow path, and compresses the exhaust gas discharged from the engine and supplies the compressed exhaust gas to the engine, thereby reducing the emission of nitrogen oxide by recirculating the exhaust gas without additional power consumption.

In an internal combustion engine that includes: an EGR channel that connects a portion of an exhaust channel on the upstream side of a downstream-side catalyst and a portion of an intake channel on the downstream side of both of a compressor and a throttle valve; and an EGR valve configured to open and close the EGR channel, a control apparatus is programmed, where an occurrence of a blow-through air that flows from the intake channel to the exhaust channel via the EGR channel is detected, to limit a throttle downstream pressure to reduce the overheating of the downstream-side catalyst.

In an internal combustion engine that includes: an EGR channel that connects a portion of an exhaust channel on the upstream side of a downstream-side catalyst and a portion of an intake channel on the downstream side of both of a compressor and a throttle valve; and an EGR valve configured to open and close the EGR channel, a control apparatus is programmed, where an occurrence of a blow-through air that flows from the intake channel to the exhaust channel via the EGR channel is detected, to limit a throttle downstream pressure to reduce the overheating of the downstream-side catalyst.

Disclosed are two system devices for stratified injecting the recirculated exhaust gas and high-specific-heat-capacity or inert gas for clean combustion of an internal combustion engine. The former is composed of an exhaust gas recirculation system, an injection system, and a power system. The latter is composed of four parts, and a high-specific-heat-capacity gas or inert gas channel is added. Injectors can be arranged at any position in the cylinder between a top dead center and a bottom dead center of a piston in a cylinder; 1-3 layers of injectors can be arranged; and 2-6 injectors can be arranged on each layer. Gas participating in combustion enters the cylinder from two intake channels, namely, a scavenging port of the internal combustion engine and the injectors; an in-cylinder swirl ratio can be remarkably increased through kinetic energy carried by the gas; and fuel-gas mixing is promoted, and the combustion rate is increased.

Disclosed are two system devices for stratified injecting the recirculated exhaust gas and high-specific-heat-capacity or inert gas for clean combustion of an internal combustion engine. The former is composed of an exhaust gas recirculation system, an injection system, and a power system. The latter is composed of four parts, and a high-specific-heat-capacity gas or inert gas channel is added. Injectors can be arranged at any position in the cylinder between a top dead center and a bottom dead center of a piston in a cylinder; 1-3 layers of injectors can be arranged; and 2-6 injectors can be arranged on each layer. Gas participating in combustion enters the cylinder from two intake channels, namely, a scavenging port of the internal combustion engine and the injectors; an in-cylinder swirl ratio can be remarkably increased through kinetic energy carried by the gas; and fuel-gas mixing is promoted, and the combustion rate is increased.

An engine system includes main exhaust ports fluidly communicating with each combustion chamber. An exhaust variable valve lift apparatus controls an operation of a main exhaust valve which closes or opens each main exhaust port. A main exhaust manifold is connected with the main exhaust ports. Scavenge exhaust ports fluidly communicate with each combustion chamber. A variable scavenge apparatus controls an operation of a scavenge valve which closes and opens each scavenge exhaust port. A scavenge manifold is connected with the scavenge exhaust ports. A controller is configured to control operations of the exhaust variable valve lift apparatus and the variable scavenge apparatus according to a vehicle operation state.

An engine system includes main exhaust ports fluidly communicating with each combustion chamber. An exhaust variable valve lift apparatus controls an operation of a main exhaust valve which closes or opens each main exhaust port. A main exhaust manifold is connected with the main exhaust ports. Scavenge exhaust ports fluidly communicate with each combustion chamber. A variable scavenge apparatus controls an operation of a scavenge valve which closes and opens each scavenge exhaust port. A scavenge manifold is connected with the scavenge exhaust ports. A controller is configured to control operations of the exhaust variable valve lift apparatus and the variable scavenge apparatus according to a vehicle operation state.