Techniques for determining a thermal condition of a pipeline include identifying a pipeline that carries a fluid at a steady-state temperature, where the pipeline includes a tubular conduit that includes a bore that carries the fluid, and a layer of insulation installed over an exterior surface of the tubular conduit; changing the steady-state temperature of the fluid by applying a thermal contrast to the pipeline; based on changing the steady-state temperature, detecting a thermal gradient between the fluid carried in the bore and at least one of the tubular conduit or the layer of insulation at a particular location of the pipeline; and based on the detected thermal gradient, determining a presence of at least one of water or water vapor between the exterior surface of the tubular conduit and the layer of insulation at the particular location of the pipeline.

Techniques for determining a thermal condition of a pipeline include identifying a pipeline that carries a fluid at a steady-state temperature, where the pipeline includes a tubular conduit that includes a bore that carries the fluid, and a layer of insulation installed over an exterior surface of the tubular conduit; changing the steady-state temperature of the fluid by applying a thermal contrast to the pipeline; based on changing the steady-state temperature, detecting a thermal gradient between the fluid carried in the bore and at least one of the tubular conduit or the layer of insulation at a particular location of the pipeline; and based on the detected thermal gradient, determining a presence of at least one of water or water vapor between the exterior surface of the tubular conduit and the layer of insulation at the particular location of the pipeline.

An apparatus includes a Polymer Thermal Expansion Based Passive Thermal Diode (PTE-PTD) that includes layers and is configured to provide passive heating and cooling of a pipeline. A polyurethane (PU) layer is provided that is configured to contact at least an upper portion along a length of a pipe. A polyethylene terephthalate (PET) layer is provided that is configured to surround the PU layer and the length of the pipe. A graphene layer is provided that is configured to surround an epoxy layer. An epoxy shell is provided that is configured to surround the graphene layer. An air gap on a first side of the PTE-PTD is provided. The air gap is formed by a void in the PET layer and is configured to provide additional air space between the PET layer and the PU layer. The air gap provides an upward movement of the PET layer using opposite forces of alternate sides of the PET layer. The PTE-PTD is installed on the pipeline.

The present invention relates to a triple pipe heating device for heating an exhaust gas in a semiconductor and LCD manufacturing process, which has a triple pipe structure capable of effectively heating an exhaust gas with only a small amount of heat without using nitrogen gas, is expandable and bendable so as to be easily installed, and is capable of quickly detecting exhaust gas leakage and overheating.

An easily polymerizable substance handling device is provided that can prevent generation of irregularities and steps between a pipeline and a cover member due to the cover member being installed at an opening part of the pipeline. A cover part 3 is formed to have a curved surface 3a on a side closer to inside of a pipeline 1. The shape of the surface 3a on the pipeline 1 side is preferably a concave shape when viewed from inside of the pipeline 1. The shape of the surface 3a of the cover part 3 on the pipeline 1 side is more preferably the shape of a curved surface having a curvature radius equal or approximate to that of the internal circumference of the pipeline 1. With this configuration, a polymer material is unlikely to be generated at the cover part 3 and around a gap 1b at an opening part 1a, and the frequency of cleaning can be reduced as compared to conventional cases.

An easily polymerizable substance handling device is provided that can prevent generation of irregularities and steps between a pipeline and a cover member due to the cover member being installed at an opening part of the pipeline. A cover part 3 is formed to have a curved surface 3a on a side closer to inside of a pipeline 1. The shape of the surface 3a on the pipeline 1 side is preferably a concave shape when viewed from inside of the pipeline 1. The shape of the surface 3a of the cover part 3 on the pipeline 1 side is more preferably the shape of a curved surface having a curvature radius equal or approximate to that of the internal circumference of the pipeline 1. With this configuration, a polymer material is unlikely to be generated at the cover part 3 and around a gap 1b at an opening part 1a, and the frequency of cleaning can be reduced as compared to conventional cases.

A fluid control apparatus includes: a metal plate; a heater configured to heat the metal plate; a first joint block and a second joint block provided on an installation surface of the metal plate, extending in a predetermined direction, and formed with a flow passage therein; a first pipe extending along the predetermined direction between the first joint block and the second joint block; a heat transfer cover provided on the installation surface of the metal plate; and a first fluid control device mounted to the first joint block and the second joint block so as to straddle over the first pipe. The heat transfer cover has a rectangular cross-sectional shape, extends along the predetermined direction, and includes a first cover member and a second cover member mounted around an outer circumference of the first pipe in contact with each other. The first cover member covers a part in a cross section of the first pipe and has a first abutment surface abutting on the installation surface of the metal plate. The second cover member covers another part in a cross section of the first pipe and has a second abutment surface abutting on the first fluid control device.

A fluid control apparatus includes: a metal plate; a heater configured to heat the metal plate; a first joint block and a second joint block provided on an installation surface of the metal plate, extending in a predetermined direction, and formed with a flow passage therein; a first pipe extending along the predetermined direction between the first joint block and the second joint block; a heat transfer cover provided on the installation surface of the metal plate; and a first fluid control device mounted to the first joint block and the second joint block so as to straddle over the first pipe. The heat transfer cover has a rectangular cross-sectional shape, extends along the predetermined direction, and includes a first cover member and a second cover member mounted around an outer circumference of the first pipe in contact with each other. The first cover member covers a part in a cross section of the first pipe and has a first abutment surface abutting on the installation surface of the metal plate. The second cover member covers another part in a cross section of the first pipe and has a second abutment surface abutting on the first fluid control device.

Described herein is an apparatus and method for avoiding frost buildup on the air intake and or ice buildup on the ice condensing surfaces of the exhaust vent of a condensing appliance. The apparatus comprises a heat-conducting path that extends between the exhaust gas in the exhaust vent of the appliance, and the frost condensing surfaces at or near the air intake opening of the combustion air vent. The heat-conducting path has a first section in thermal contact with the exhaust gas and a second section in thermal contact with the frost condensing surfaces at or near the air intake. In one configuration, the heat-conducting path is a heat pipe. In one configuration the heat-conducting path is a heat exchanger assembly. The passive transfer of heat energy via the heat-conducting path, from the exhaust gas to the frost condensing surfaces at or near the air intake, avoids frost buildup.

A graphene-heating and heat preserving sleeve for a oilfield petroleum gathering pipeline includes a the high-temperature-resistant insulating layer (1), a graphene layer (2), a high-temperature-resistant ceramic layer (4), a waterproof and anti-static heat preservation layer (5), and a housing (6) that are tightly attached together in sequence; the two semi-cylindrical parts of the graphene-heating and heat-preserving sleeve are coupled together, so that the petroleum gathering pipeline is wrapped in the graphene-heating and heat-preserving sleeve. When electricity is applied to the electrode layers arranged at two ends of the graphene layer (2), under the action of an electric field, heat energy generated due to intense friction and collision between carbon atoms in the graphene is radiated out through far infrared rays with a wavelength of 5 to 14 microns.