A plugging resistant, highly stable free-jet burner and method which provide Ultra-Low NO.sub.x emissions using (a) large free-jet ejection ports, (b) a wide tip-to-tip spacing, and (c) auxiliary stabilization tips in the throat of the burner which are highly resistant to plugging and also produce very low levels of NO.sub.x emissions.

The present disclosure is directed to systems and methods for low-CO.sub.2 emission combustion of liquid fuel with a gas-assisted liquid fuel oxygen reactor. The system comprises an atomizer that sprays fuel and CO.sub.2 into an evaporation zone, where the fuel and CO.sub.2 is heated into a vaporized form. The system comprises a reaction zone that receives the vaporized fuel and CO.sub.2. The system includes an air vessel having an air stream, and a heating vessel adjacent to the air vessel that transfers heat to the air vessel. The system comprises an ion transport membrane in flow communication with the air vessel and reaction zone. The ion transport membrane receives O.sub.2 permeating from the air stream and transfers the O.sub.2 into the reaction zone resulting in combustion of fuel. The combustion produces heat and creates CO.sub.2 exhaust gases that are recirculated in the system limiting emission of CO.sub.2.

A vehicle heater includes a burner area, a circumferential wall providing a combustion chamber, a flame tube with a first end forming or adjacent to a part of the combustion chamber circumferential wall and a second flame tube end. A heat exchanger housing has a circumferential wall enclosing the flame tube. A waste gas backflow space is formed, between an outer side of the flame tube and an inner side of the heat exchanger housing circumferential wall, with an inlet area at the second flame tube end and with an outlet area in the area of the first flame tube end. An inner dimension of the circumferential wall increases in the direction from an inlet area of the waste gas backflow space to an outlet area. An outer dimension of the flame tube increases in the direction from the second flame tube end to the first flame tube end.

No new matter has been added. The invention relates to a device for heating a medium, comprising a burner unit and a flame tube, wherein the burner unit generates flue gas, wherein the flame tube has a flue gas inlet, a longitudinal axis, a casing extending along the longitudinal axis, and an end face opposite the flue gas inlet, wherein the flue gas passes from the burner unit into the flame tube via the flue gas inlet, wherein a plurality of recesses are located in the casing, and wherein the recesses have different dimensions and/or are distributed asymmetrically on the casing. The longitudinal axis is in a central plane, wherein a first side and a second side of the casing are formed by the central plane, and wherein recesses on the first side have smaller dimensions than recesses on the second side.

A plugging resistant, highly stable free-jet burner and method which provide Ultra-Low NO.sub.x emissions using (a) large free-jet ejection ports, (b) a wide tip-to-tip spacing, and (c) auxiliary stabilization tips in the throat of the burner which are highly resistant to plugging and also produce very low levels of NO.sub.x emissions.

An exhaust-gas tract for a motor vehicle has an exhaust-gas burner that includes an air inlet connection for the introduction of air into the exhaust-gas burner. The air inlet connection has a connection piece in which a check valve for the closure of the connection piece is arranged. The air inlet connection has an air inlet flange which connects the connection piece to a combustion chamber of the exhaust-gas burner and which seals off the combustion chamber. A motor vehicle incorporates the exhaust-gas tract.

An exhaust-gas tract for a motor vehicle has an exhaust-gas burner that includes an air inlet connection for the introduction of air into the exhaust-gas burner. The air inlet connection has a connection piece in which a check valve for the closure of the connection piece is arranged. The air inlet connection has an air inlet flange which connects the connection piece to a combustion chamber of the exhaust-gas burner and which seals off the combustion chamber. A motor vehicle incorporates the exhaust-gas tract.

The present disclosure is directed to systems and methods for low-CO.sub.2 emission combustion of liquid fuel with a gas-assisted liquid fuel oxygen reactor. The system comprises an atomizer that sprays fuel and CO.sub.2 into an evaporation zone, where the fuel and CO.sub.2 is heated into a vaporized form. The system comprises a reaction zone that receives the vaporized fuel and CO.sub.2. The system includes an air vessel having an air stream, and a heating vessel adjacent to the air vessel that transfers heat to the air vessel. The system comprises an ion transport membrane in flow communication with the air vessel and reaction zone. The ion transport membrane receives O.sub.2 permeating from the air stream and transfers the O.sub.2 into the reaction zone resulting in combustion of fuel. The combustion produces heat and creates CO.sub.2 exhaust gases that are recirculated in the system limiting emission of CO.sub.2.

Disclosed are a pilot fuel injector, and a fuel nozzle and a gas turbine having the same. The pilot fuel injector is mounted on the fuel nozzle to uniformize the flow of the introduced air and to enable uniform mixing with the fuel, so that a fuel mixed air having a high mixing rate is provided to the combustion chamber. The mixing rate of the fuel mixed air directed to the combustion chamber is increased, thereby suppressing the generation of nitrogen oxides and preventing the flame stagnation.

A flow momentum enhancing device having an airfoil shape is used in a new or refurbished burner to increase the momentum of the burner combustion air stream and create a reduced pressure region which pulls inert products of combustion into the combustion process. The inert products of combustion mix with the burner air and/or fuel streams to lower the peak flame temperature of the burner and provide reduced NO.sub.x production.