A header includes a plurality of branch tubes and a header manifold. If refrigerant flowing into the header manifold forms a pattern of annular flow or churn flow, tips of the branch tubes inserted into the header manifold pass through a liquid-phase portion having a thickness δ [m] and reach a gas-phase portion. The thickness δ [m] of the liquid-phase portion is defined as δ=G×(1−x)×D/(4ρ.sub.L×U.sub.LS), where G is a flow speed [kg/(m.sup.2 s)] of the refrigerant, x is a quality of the refrigerant, D is an inside diameter [m] of the header manifold, ρ.sub.L is a liquid density [kg/m.sup.3] of the refrigerant, U.sub.LS is a reference apparent liquid speed [m/s] that is a maximum value within a range of variation in an apparent gas speed of the refrigerant flowing into a flow space of the header manifold. The reference apparent liquid speed U.sub.LS [m/s] is defined as G(1−x)/ρ.sub.L.

Methods and devices heat or cool viscous materials, such as meat emulsions useful for producing food and other products. The devices have a heat exchanger including a first plate, a second plate attached to the first plate, and a first spacer and a second spacer arranged between the first plate and the second plate. The first plate, the second plate, the first spacer, and the second spacer define at least one temperature controlled passage for a product to pass through the heat exchanger.

A thermal management system for an electric component has a housing for the electric component and a heat exchange plate extending over the surface of the lateral face of the housing. The plate has a fluid channel between a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, a supply duct to supply the plate with fluid and a discharge duct, a casing defining the housing(s) and receiving the heat exchange plate and the supply and discharge ducts. The system includes a fluid collecting box arranged to collect fluid from a possible fluid leakage at the junction between the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet of the plate and the associated supply and discharge ducts, so as to prevent said leaked fluid from dripping into a bottom of the casing.

In accordance with at least one aspect of this disclosure, a transition structure for a heat exchanger can include a body defining a dome cavity. The dome cavity can be configured to transition flow between at least one first channel and a plurality of second channels having a different number than the at least one first channel.

Embodiments of the present invention disclose a heat exchanger and an air-conditioning system. The heat exchanger comprises heat exchange tubes. The heat exchange tubes comprise first heat exchange tubes configured to form a first circuit, and second heat exchange tubes configured to form a second circuit. With the heat exchanger and the air-conditioning system according to the embodiments of the present invention, for example, a heat exchange capacity of the heat exchanger in a part load condition is improved.

The air-conditioning apparatus includes a heat exchanger including a plurality of heat transfer tubes and a header manifold an axial fan and a refrigerant circuit. When the distance from the center of the flow space in the horizontal plane is represented on a scale of 0 to 100%, where 0% represents the center of the flow space and 100% is the position of the wall surface of the header manifold, among the plurality of branch tubes located within a height range that allows the blade to rotate, the majority of the branch tubes located at or below the height of the boss are connected to the header manifold such that their distal ends are positioned at 0 to 50% of the distance from the center, and the majority of the branch tubes located above the height of the boss are connected to the header manifold such that their distal ends are positioned at more than 50% of the distance from the center.

A heat exchanger includes a first fluid pathway enclosed in a heat exchanger body to convey a first fluid through the heat exchanger body and a second fluid pathway enclosed in the heat exchanger body to convey a second fluid through the heat exchanger body and facilitate thermal energy exchange between the first fluid and the second fluid. The first fluid pathway and the second fluid pathway together are arranged in a spiral arrangement extending along a central axis of the heat exchanger.

A plate kind heat exchanger (1) has a plurality of stacked plates (2) forming flow paths for heat exchanging fluids there between, a first inlet channel being fluidly connected to inlets of a first set of flow paths, a second inlet channel being fluidly connected to inlets of a second set of flow paths, a first outlet channel being fluidly connected to outlets of the first set of flow paths, and a second outlet channel being fluidly connected to outlets of the second set of flow paths. The first inlet channel is provided with a stack (15) of rings (5) forming fluid passages towards the inlets of the first set of flow paths. Each ring (5) has a first rigid shell member (6) and a second rigid shell member (7), the first rigid shell member (6) and/or the second rigid shell member (7) defining a groove (9) providing fluid passage from the first inlet channel to one of the flow paths of the first set of flow paths, and a sealing member (8) formed from a compressible material, the sealing member (8) being positioned between the first rigid shell member (6) and the second rigid shell member (7). The stack of rings (15) is subjected to a force which presses the rings (5) towards each other and compresses the sealing members (8) of the rings (5), thereby providing sealing towards the flow paths of the second set of flow paths.

A heat exchanger module having at least two fluid circuits, of longitudinal axis including a stack of plates, defining at least two fluid circuits, at least a part of the plates each including fluid circulation channels, the channels of at least one of the two circuits, referred to as first circuit, having at least one fluid supply and distribution zone for supplying and distributing fluid from outside the stack, forming a fluid pre-header, in which zone the channels are delimited by studs distributed over the surface of the plate; an exchange zone continuous with the pre-header and wherein the channels are each delimited by a groove separated from one another by a rib and extending along the longitudinal axis.

A fuel cell system, with an air flow system includes a first thermal zone, a second thermal zone, an air blower provided between the first and second thermal zones. The first thermal zone is connected to an inlet port of the fuel cell system. The second thermal zone is connected to an outlet port of the fuel cell system. The air blower is configured to draw in air from the first thermal zone and provide the air to the second thermal zone.