A method of detecting temperature of an electrical terminal. The method includes: applying a material patch to a surface of the electrical terminal, the material patch containing a polymer matrix with a polymeric positive temperature coefficient material which contains a mixture of electrically conductive magnetic particles, whereby the material patch does not appreciably increase the electrical resistance or thermal capacitance of the electrical terminal; and remotely sensing a change in the material patch with an electrically isolated circuit which is external to the electrical terminal to determine if the electrical terminal is operating at a safe temperature to optimize current flow across the electrical terminal.

A method of detecting temperature of an electrical terminal. The method includes: applying a material patch to a surface of the electrical terminal, the material patch containing a polymer matrix with a polymeric positive temperature coefficient material which contains a mixture of electrically conductive magnetic particles, whereby the material patch does not appreciably increase the electrical resistance or thermal capacitance of the electrical terminal; and remotely sensing a change in the material patch with an electrically isolated circuit which is external to the electrical terminal to determine if the electrical terminal is operating at a safe temperature to optimize current flow across the electrical terminal.

A window can be used for object detection and/or identification. The window can have a first side and a second side. An optical grating can be operatively positioned with respect to the first side of the window. A light source can be configured to emit light toward the optical grating. A detector can be operatively positioned to acquire spectroscopic data of the light emitted from the light source after the light has interacted with the optical grating. Using the optical grating, a temperature at or near the first side can be determined. Based on the temperature, it can be determined whether an object is located on the first side of the window.

A thermal sensing system includes an electrical contact, a sensing element, and at least one position sensor. The electrical contact releasably connects to a mating contact for establishing a conductive path across a mating interface. The electrical contact defines a channel therein that extends from an opening along an outer surface of the electrical contact. The sensing element is at least partially outside of the channel and is configured to move relative to the electrical contact from a first position to a second position based on a temperature increase within the channel that exceeds a designated threshold temperature. The at least one position sensor is spaced apart from the electrical contact and is configured to detect a position change of the sensing element from the first position to the second position, indicating that the temperature within the channel exceeds the designated threshold temperature.

A method of detecting temperature of an electrical terminal. The method includes: applying a material patch to a surface of the electrical terminal, the thermal mass of the material patch is less than 25 percent of the thermal mass of the electrical terminal, whereby the material patch does not appreciably increase the electrical resistance or thermal capacitance of the electrical terminal; and remotely sensing a change in the material patch with an electrically isolated circuit which is external to the electrical terminal to determine if the electrical terminal is operating at a safe temperature to optimize current flow across the electrical terminal.

A method of detecting temperature of an electrical terminal. The method includes: applying a material patch to a surface of the electrical terminal, the thermal mass of the material patch is less than 25 percent of the thermal mass of the electrical terminal, whereby the material patch does not appreciably increase the electrical resistance or thermal capacitance of the electrical terminal; and remotely sensing a change in the material patch with an electrically isolated circuit which is external to the electrical terminal to determine if the electrical terminal is operating at a safe temperature to optimize current flow across the electrical terminal.

A chip for gene sequencing and a gene sequencing method are disclosed. The chip for gene sequencing includes: a body, including an accommodating chamber and a temperature testing element, wherein the temperature testing element is configured for testing a temperature variation amount in the accommodating chamber.

A switching system contains a switch for medium voltages and/or high voltages, wherein the switch has a first electrical connection on a first side of the switch, and a second electrical connection on a second side of the switch. A medium voltage or high voltage is supplied to the switch via the first electrical connection, and a medium voltage or high voltage is conducted away from the switch via the second electrical connection, or vice versa. A temperature measuring unit is provided. The temperature measuring unit has a temperature measuring head, a temperature transmission element, a temperature transmission medium, a temperature conversion element, and a temperature signaling device.

A switching system contains a switch for medium voltages and/or high voltages, wherein the switch has a first electrical connection on a first side of the switch, and a second electrical connection on a second side of the switch. A medium voltage or high voltage is supplied to the switch via the first electrical connection, and a medium voltage or high voltage is conducted away from the switch via the second electrical connection, or vice versa. A temperature measuring unit is provided. The temperature measuring unit has a temperature measuring head, a temperature transmission element, a temperature transmission medium, a temperature conversion element, and a temperature signaling device.

A thermal sensing system includes an electrical contact, a sensing element, and a position sensor. The electrical contact includes a shaft that defines a channel. The channel extends into the shaft from an opening along an outer surface of the shaft. The sensing element is disposed at least partially outside of the channel and is operably connected to the channel through the opening. The sensing element is movable relative to the electrical contact based on a temperature change within the channel. The position sensor is spaced apart from the electrical contact and the sensing element. The position sensor is configured to detect a position change of a portion of the sensing element outside of the channel responsive to the temperature change within the channel.