A rapid ultrasonic dual-wave calibrated detection method includes: numbering a plurality of high strength bolts; searching, in a database in equipment, a calibrated empirical value R.sub.0e of initial ratios R.sub.0 of ultrasonic transverse wave transit time to ultrasonic longitudinal wave transit time for bolts with entirely or partially same specification data, or a calibrated empirical value k.sub.e of a slope k of variation of a bolt tension with a ratio of transverse wave transit time to longitudinal wave transit time; measuring ratios R.sub.i of the ultrasonic transverse wave transit time to the longitudinal wave transit time for the plurality of high strength bolts; acquiring a pretightening axial force value, and using the pretightening axial force value in place of an average value of tensions of the plurality of high strength bolts, calculating calibrated another parameter k.sub.e or R.sub.0e; and calculating axial forces of the high strength bolts.

A disclosed airborne vehicle includes split-ring resonators (split ring resonators), which may be embedded within a material. Each split ring resonator may be formed from a three-dimensional (3D) monolithic carbonaceous growth and may detect an electromagnetic ping emitted from a user device. Each split ring resonator may generate an electromagnetic return signal in response to the electromagnetic ping. The electromagnetic return signal may indicate a state of the material in a position proximate to a respective split ring resonator. In some aspects, each may resonate at a first frequency in response to the electromagnetic ping when the material is in a first state, and may resonate at a second frequency in response to the electromagnetic ping when the material is in a second state. A resonant frequency of the 3D monolithic carbonaceous growth may be based on physical characteristics of the material.

The present invention is related, but is not restricted, to the field of the study or analysis of materials by determining the chemical or physical properties thereof, in particular the field of the investigation or analysis of materials by using electromagnetic waves, specifically providing a method from measuring internal stress in tires, using a ferromagnetic material.

The invention provides a method for measuring internal stress in a tire, characterized in that it comprises: incorporating into the tire a material that is a combination of a rubber matrix and a plurality of microwires made of a ferromagnetic material; irradiating said tire with electromagnetic waves by means of a transmitting antenna; receiving an electromagnetic wave absorption response from said tire by means of a receiving antenna; and determining the internal stress of the tire by means of a processor operatively connected to said receiving antenna, on the basis of the electromagnetic wave absorption response. The invention further provides a material for measuring the internal stress in a tire, characterized in that it is a combination of a rubber matrix and a plurality of microwires made of a ferromagnetic material.

A residual stress detection device for a curved surface coating and a detection method thereof is provided, where its structure includes: a detection piece carrier, configured to fix the detection piece, so that a to-be-detected point on the detection piece remains at a highest point; an X-ray generation source, radiating an X-ray to the to-be-detected point fixedly or along a path; a detection element, including a moving mechanism, where the moving mechanism moves the detection element along a path extending toward a direction orthogonal to an incident direction of the X-ray, so that the detection element receives and detects intensity of a diffraction X-ray at a position of the diffraction X-ray; and a stress calculation module, obtaining a strain value based on an intensity peak of the diffraction X-ray detected by the detection element, and calculating a residual stress value of the detection piece by using a formula.

A residual stress detection device for a curved surface coating and a detection method thereof is provided, where its structure includes: a detection piece carrier, configured to fix the detection piece, so that a to-be-detected point on the detection piece remains at a highest point; an X-ray generation source, radiating an X-ray to the to-be-detected point fixedly or along a path; a detection element, including a moving mechanism, where the moving mechanism moves the detection element along a path extending toward a direction orthogonal to an incident direction of the X-ray, so that the detection element receives and detects intensity of a diffraction X-ray at a position of the diffraction X-ray; and a stress calculation module, obtaining a strain value based on an intensity peak of the diffraction X-ray detected by the detection element, and calculating a residual stress value of the detection piece by using a formula.

A magnetostrictive-type sensor temperature-detecting circuit configured to be used in a magnetostrictive-type sensor including an applied stress-detecting coil, and a driving section to output an alternating voltage, excite the coil with a resulting alternating electric current, and switch flow directions of the electric current flowing in the coil in response to switching voltage polarities of the output alternating voltage, to detect a temperature of the coil in the sensor. This temperature-detecting circuit includes an alternating electric current direction switching time-detecting section to detect an amount of time from when the voltage polarities of the output alternating voltage are switched until when the flow directions of the electric current flowing in the coil are switched, and a temperature-computing section to compute the temperature of the coil on the basis of the amount of time detected by the alternating electric current direction switching time-detecting section.

A residual stress measurement method of a curved surface block includes steps of: locating a point at which a to-be-detected curved surface of a curved surface block has a highest curvature as a to-be-detected point; applying an instrument integrating an X-ray light resource and a detector, measuring the to-be-detected point by using an X-ray diffraction theory, and analyzing and calculating, in combination with a sin.sup.2 Ψ method, a strain value measured by using the instrument; and calculating, in combination with material property measurement data of the curved surface block material, a residual stress by introducing a curved surface block residual stress calculation model.

A residual stress measurement method of a curved surface block includes steps of: locating a point at which a to-be-detected curved surface of a curved surface block has a highest curvature as a to-be-detected point; applying an instrument integrating an X-ray light resource and a detector, measuring the to-be-detected point by using an X-ray diffraction theory, and analyzing and calculating, in combination with a sin.sup.2 Ψ method, a strain value measured by using the instrument; and calculating, in combination with material property measurement data of the curved surface block material, a residual stress by introducing a curved surface block residual stress calculation model.

This system comprises: at least one vibrational sensor which is operable to produce data each time an impact application device applies an impact from a user to the prosthetic component during assembly between the prosthetic component and with the support member, the produced data representing acoustic vibrations generated in the air and/or material vibrations generated in the impact application device, an analysis unit which is configured both to calculate a frequency characterization of the vibrations for each impact applied by the impact application device to the prosthetic component, from the corresponding data produced by the at least one vibrational sensor, and to compare the frequency characterizations that are respectively calculated for successive impacts so as to provide at each of the successive impacts either a first indication when the assembly between the prosthetic component and the support member is not fully seated or a second indication when the assembly between the prosthetic component and the support member is fully seated, and a user interface which provides feedback to the user based on the first and second indications.

A method for determining the state of at least one sensor whose mechanical behaviour is nonlinear as a function of the amplitude of the pressure exerted against the sensor, the sensor and an electromechanical transducer being able to be coupled to a support, the method comprising the steps of: applying an electrical signal at a first amplitude to the terminals of the first electromechanical transducer, and determining a first set of values of a parameter characteristic of the electrical impedance of the first electromechanical transducer in response to the application of the electrical signal; applying the electrical signal at a second amplitude to the terminals of the first electromechanical transducer, and determining a second set of values of the parameter characteristic of the impedance; measuring a deviation between the first set of values and the second set of values; determining a state of the sensor as a function of the deviation between the first set of values and the second set of values.