A cuvette for analysis of liquids, including a first cuvette portion and a second cuvette portion, which are joined together, with a cuvette cavity, an inlet passage and an outlet passage being formed between the first cuvette portion and the second cuvette portion, the inlet passage and the outlet passage both in communication with the cuvette cavity, wherein the outlet passage is provided therein with a labyrinth-like sealing structure, which prevents backfill of a gas that has been discharged from the outlet passage during filling of a liquid to be analyzed in the cuvette.

An apparatus for determining the identity and/or quantity of a liquid fuel contained in a fuel transporting tank of a fuel transporting vehicle can comprise: a longitudinally extensive member having a first end and a second end, an internal volume from which liquid fuel in the tank is excluded, and a mounting arrangement configured for mounting in use of the longitudinally extensive member within and in fixed relation to the tank, said second end configured in use to be immersed in the liquid fuel in the tank. The longitudinally extensive member can further comprise: first and second pressure sensors spaced apart by a fixed distance, each said pressure sensor having a face exposed in use to the local hydrostatic pressure of the liquid fuel in the tank; and a colour sensing device comprising a light emitter and a light detector configured to detect light from the emitter, said emitter and detector being arranged such that in use light from the emitter incident on the detector passes through said liquid fuel in the tank. The apparatus can further comprise a data processing device configured to determine the identity of the liquid fuel based on said pressure measurements from said first and second pressure sensors and colour data from said colour sensing device.

A biological sample reaction vessel comprising a reagent storage portion and a push rod movable relative to the reagent storage portion is provided. The reagent storage portion comprises at least one reagent containing cavity, and the reagent containing cavity is sealed by a sealing element; and the push rod is connected to the sealing element, and the push rod is used for cooperation with an external device to separate the sealing element from the reagent storage portion. In reaction, the biological sample reaction vessel cooperates with a test cassette. By inserting the biological sample reaction vessel into the external device, the reagent in the reagent storage portion can be released rapidly.

A process tube device can detect the presence of any external materials that may reside within a fluid flowing in the tube. The process tube device detects the external materials in-situ which obviates the need for a separate inspection device to inspect the surface of a wafer after applying fluid on the surface of the wafer. The process tube device utilizes at least two methods of detecting the presence of external materials. The first is the direct measurement method in which a light detecting sensor is used. The second is the indirect measurement method in which a sensor utilizing the principles of Doppler shift is used. Here, contrary to the first method that at least partially used reflected or refracted light, the second method uses a Doppler shift sensor to detect the presence of the external material by measuring the velocity of the fluid flowing in the tube.

Reusable network of spatially-multiplexed microfliuidic channels each including an inlet, an outlet, and a cuvette in-between. Individual channels may operationally share a main or common output channel defining the network output and optionally leading to a disposable storage volume. Alternatively, multiple channels are structured to individually lead to the storage volume. An individual cuvette is dimensioned to substantially prevent the formation of air-bubbles during the fluid sample flow through the cuvette and, therefore, to be fully filled and fully emptied. The overall channel network is configured to spatially lock the fluidic sample by pressing such sample with a second fluid against a closed to substantially immobilize it to prevent drifting due to the change in ambient conditions during the measurement. Thereafter, the fluidic sample is flushed through the now-opened valve with continually-applied pressure of the second fluid. System and method for photometric measurements of multiple fluid samples employing such network of channels.

Reusable network of spatially-multiplexed microfliuidic channels each including an inlet, an outlet, and a cuvette in-between. Individual channels may operationally share a main or common output channel defining the network output and optionally leading to a disposable storage volume. Alternatively, multiple channels are structured to individually lead to the storage volume. An individual cuvette is dimensioned to substantially prevent the formation of air-bubbles during the fluid sample flow through the cuvette and, therefore, to be fully filled and fully emptied. The overall channel network is configured to spatially lock the fluidic sample by pressing such sample with a second fluid against a closed to substantially immobilize it to prevent drifting due to the change in ambient conditions during the measurement. Thereafter, the fluidic sample is flushed through the now-opened valve with continually-applied pressure of the second fluid. System and method for photometric measurements of multiple fluid samples employing such network of channels.

A fluid medium monitoring apparatus of the present invention comprises: a light source unit for irradiating light; a first collimator unit for collimating light irradiated from the light source unit; a flow cell unit in which a fluid medium flows and light is allowed to absorb the wavelength of the fluid medium while proceeding along the moving direction of the fluid medium; and a light detection unit for detecting the wavelength of the light passing through the flow cell unit.

A flow cell device of the present invention comprises a flow path part in which a flow medium flows, and a flow cell part in which a flow path is formed.

A fluid medium monitoring apparatus of the present invention comprises: a light source unit for irradiating light; a first collimator unit for collimating light irradiated from the light source unit; a flow cell unit in which a fluid medium flows and light is allowed to absorb the wavelength of the fluid medium while proceeding along the moving direction of the fluid medium; and a light detection unit for detecting the wavelength of the light passing through the flow cell unit.

Embodiments of the present invention include a backscatter reductant anamorphic beam sampler. The beam sampler can be implemented to measure a power of a reference beam generated by an electromagnetic radiation source in proportion to a power of a working beam. The beam sampler can provide astigmatic correction to a divergence of the working beam along one axis orthogonal to a direction of propagation. The beam sampler can further be implemented to prevent backscatter from impinging upon a photodetector of the beam sampler resulting in a reduction of error and instability in measurements taken by the beam sampler.