An integrated optical system includes a wavelength tunable optical source and a photonic integrated circuit (PIC). The PIC includes a set of spatial waveguide switches having an input optically coupled to the wavelength tunable optical source and a plurality of outputs. The PIC also includes an optical emitter having a plurality of inputs, each being coupled to a respective one of the plurality of outputs of the set of spatial waveguide switches, the optical emitter configured to produce at an output an optical beam having a wavelength dependent emission direction that changes as light is switched by the set of spatial waveguide switches such that the optical beam may be steered in two dimensions.

An optical beam controller includes: an optical multiple-beam generator generating a plurality of wavelength-swept optical beams; and an optical frequency difference setter setting an optical frequency difference in any combination of the plurality of optical beams in such a way as to be larger than a band of a photodetector that receives an optical beam.

Exemplary optical scanner apparatus, method and computer-accessible medium for obtaining information regarding the sample can be provided. In certain exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the optical scanner, method and computer-accessible medium can utilize a container configured to hold the sample which is provided in a fluid. A light source can be provided which is configured to emit a light radiation to the container and the sample. Further, with an optic taper, it is possible to receive, taper and combine substantially parallel beams of an output radiation exiting the sample. The output radiation can be provided in response to an irradiation of the sample by the light radiation. Further, using a light detector, it is possible to receive and detect the combined tapered parallel beams so as to obtain the information regarding the sample.

A method and apparatus for measuring a 3-D refractive index tensor are presented. The method for measuring a 3-D refractive index tensor according to an embodiment comprises the steps of: controlling incident light of a plane wave with respect to at least one angle and polarization; and measuring, in a polarization-dependent manner, the 2-D diffracted light of a specimen with respect to the incident light incident at the at least one angle and polarization, wherein the birefringence value and the 3-D structure of an alignment direction of molecules in the specimen having birefringence may be measured.

Provided is an evaluation method for a biological tissue that enables dynamics of the biological tissue to be quantitatively evaluated. In the evaluation method of the present embodiment, an optical coherence tomography (OCT) signal indicating a state of a biological tissue provided as a sample is acquired, a signal value based on the OCT signal is acquired at an observation point in the sample, and a temporal variation characteristic value indicating a temporal variation characteristic of the signal value within a predetermined period is calculated. The present embodiment can also be implemented with an evaluation device or even with a program.

A method for nanoscale tomographic infrared absorption imaging is provided, the method including: generating a first plurality of sets of probe measurements for a plurality of sample locations located across a surface of a sample, and measuring a magnitude and phase of a variation in displacement of the surface of the sample at the particular sample location at the second frequency, wherein the first frequency and the second frequency differ; and generating, based on the first plurality of sets of probe measurements, a three-dimensional tomographic map of absorption of infrared light at the first wavelength by the sample. Generating measurements for a particular location includes generating a first probe measurement by illuminating the sample with infrared light that varies at a first frequency and measuring a variation in displacement of the surface of the sample at the particular sample location at the first frequency.

Disclosed are devices and techniques based on optical coherence tomography (OCT) technology in combination with optical actuation. A system for providing optical actuation and optical sensing can include an optical coherence tomography (OCT) device that performs optical imaging of a sample based on optical interferometry from an optical sampling beam interacting with an optical sample and an optical reference beam; an OCT light source to provide an OCT imaging beam into the OCT device which splits the OCT imaging beam into the optical sampling beam and the optical reference beam; and a light source that produces an optical actuation beam that is coupled along with the optical sampling beam to be directed to the sample to actuate particles or structures in the sample so that the optical imaging captures information of the sample under the optical actuation.

An ultra-high-speed 3D refractive index tomography and structured illumination microscopy system using a wavefront shaper and a method using the same are provided. A method of using an ultra-high-speed 3D refractive index tomography and structured illumination microscopy system that utilizes a wavefront shaper includes adjusting an irradiation angle of a plane wave incident on a sample by using the wavefront shaper, measuring a 2D optical field, which passes through the sample, based on the irradiation angle of the plane wave, and obtaining a 3D refractive index image from information of the measured 2D optical field by using an optical diffraction tomography or a filtered back projection algorithm.

Apparatus and method for performing depth sectioned fluorescence imaging of a turbid sample including a fluorescent turbid medium, uses an apparatus for quantitative modulated fluorescence imaging, the apparatus including projection optics with a first optical axis, to expose the turbid sample to a periodic pattern of excitation radiation to provide depth-resolved discrimination of fluorescent structures within the turbid medium; an image capture module, including a second optical axis and a detection beam path, to receive a data image from the sample; and a signal processor to transform the data image from the sample, spatially filter the transformed data image from the sample, and reconstruct the filtered, transformed data image from the sample.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, apparatus and method can be provided for generating information for at least one structure. For example, using at least one first arrangement, it is possible to receive at least one first radiation from the at least one structure and at least one second radiation from a reference, and interfere the first and second radiations to generate at least one third radiation. Further, with at least one second arrangement, it is possible to generate spectroscopic data as a function of the at least one third radiation, and reduce at least one scattering effect in the spectroscopic data to generate the information. In addition or as an alternative, according to a further exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, it is possible to classify a type of the structure based on the spectroscopic data to generate the information.