An optical coherence tomography device includes a light source, a mirror device including a movable mirror configured to perform a reciprocating operation, a support part configured to support an object, a beam splitter configured to generate interfering light, an optical sensor configured to detect the interfering light, and a control unit. Each of the plurality of pixels included in the optical sensor includes a light receiving part, a plurality of transfer gates, and a discharge gate. The control unit applies an electric signal to the optical sensor so that the plurality of transfer gates are sequentially brought into a charge transfer state in at least three time ranges separated from each other and the discharge gate is brought into a charge discharge state in a time range other than the at least three time ranges for each period of an interferogram signal of the interfering light.

Measurement device for the detection and/or characterization of fluid-borne particles featuring a laser positioned for emitting pulses of laser light polarized in a first direction, in a measurement volume of a fluid flow path, each pulse having a pulse duration, and a means for directing the laser pulses polarized in a second different direction of polarization in the measurement volume. An optical spectrometer captures fluorescent light emitted by individual fluid-borne particles and measures the intensity of at least one wavelength at a sampling rate of at least three samples per pulse. The means for directing are configured to direct laser light polarized in the second direction each time a pulse of laser light crosses the measurement volume, the time delay between the two crossings being longer than the pulse duration and shorter than a travel time of the fluid in the measurement volume.

An apparatus can be provided according to certain exemplary embodiments. For example, the apparatus can include a waveguiding first arrangement providing at least one electromagnetic radiation. A configuration can be provided that receives and splits the at least one electromagnetic radiation into a first radiation and a second radiation. The apparatus can further include a waveguiding second arrangement which has a first waveguide and a second waveguide, whereas the first waveguide receives the first radiation, and the second waveguide receives the second radiation. The first arrangement, the second arrangement and the configuration can be housed in a probe.

An illumination device for a spectral optical measurement device includes arranged with respect to an optical axis of the illumination device which, during a measurement operation, extends along a normal to a center point of an area of a sample to be illuminated. One or more segments of a mirror in a shape of a ring are centered on the optical axis. The mirror has an internal reflective surface arranged such that, during the measurement operation, the internal reflective surface receives light emitted from the light source and reflects the light over the area of the sample to be illuminated. The internal reflective surface has a freeform shape in a cross-section through the internal reflective surface in a plane parallel to the optical axis (for example in which the optical axis lies), and, in a cross-section of the mirror in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis, the internal reflective surface is represented by a straight line.

An optical device includes: a light source part configured to project illumination light toward a sensing region; a photodetector configured to receive reflected light of the illumination light reflected on the sensing region; and a condenser mirror. The condenser mirror has a through hole through which the illumination light from the light source part passes and an optical axis of the light source part and an optical axis of the condenser mirror are aligned with each other. A reflection surface of the condenser mirror has a shape obtained by cutting out a columnar body extending in a projection direction of the illumination light, with a spheroid whose rotation axis is a major axis. The photodetector is disposed in a direction toward a first focal position of the condenser mirror. The sensing region is set in a direction toward a second focal position of the condenser mirror.

A diffuse reflectance apparatus includes a housing having a window formed therein, and a diffuse reflectance mirror spaced from the window and having an aperture extending therethrough. A light source provides a beam of light. A first mirror assembly is positioned to reflect the beam of light through the aperture such that it passes through the window. A second mirror assembly is positioned to reflect scattered light from the concave mirror to a detector.

A system for analyzing a tissue sample includes two wavelength-division multiplexers and a fiber coupler. The first wavelength-division multiplexer combines visible and near infrared electromagnetic radiation and directs the combined electromagnetic radiation to the fiber coupler. The fiber coupler emits a sample beam of visible and near infrared electromagnetic radiation toward a tissue sample, and a reference beam of visible and near infrared electromagnetic radiation toward a reference mirror. The sample beam reflects off the tissue sample back to the fiber coupler. The reference beam reflects off the reference mirror back to the fiber coupler. The fiber coupler combines the reflected sample and reference beams and directs the combined electromagnetic radiation to the second wavelength-division multiplexer. The second wavelength-division multiplexer sends visible electromagnetic radiation from the sample and reference beams to a first spectrometer, and near infrared electromagnetic radiation from the sample and reference beams to a second spectrometer.

The invention provides a spectroscopic instrument, which comprises a projecting optical system for projecting a projecting light emitted from a light source, a photodetecting optical system for receiving a reflection light from an object to be measured and for guiding to a photodetection member, and a spectroscope for detecting a condition of the object to be measured based on the reflection light as received by the photodetection member, wherein the projecting optical system and the photodetecting optical system have a projecting system chromatic aberration decreasing component and a photodetecting system chromatic aberration decreasing component which eliminate chromatic aberrations, respectively.

To provide a multipass cell permitting a reduction in a volume of an inner space into which sample gas is introduced, there are provided: a cell main body with the inner space into which the sample gas is introduced; and a pair of mirrors provided oppositely to each other in the inner space, wherein light incident from an incidence window of the cell main body is subjected to multireflection between the pair of mirrors and is emitted from an emission window of the cell main body, wherein: each of the mirrors is shaped such that light spots formed on a reflecting surface of each of the mirrors are scattered in an elongated region of a predetermined width through the light multireflection; and each of the mirrors is formed into an elongated shape along a longitudinal direction of the elongated region.

A diffuse reflectance apparatus includes a housing having a window formed therein, and a diffuse reflectance mirror spaced from the window and having an aperture extending therethrough. A light source provides a beam of light. A first mirror assembly is positioned to reflect the beam of light through the aperture such that it passes through the window. A second mirror assembly is positioned to reflect scattered light from the concave mirror to a detector.