A method of measuring the color of a surface may include a device positioned above the surface. The device may include an optical sensor and a display screen. The optical sensor measures visible light level reflected from the surface in a plurality of spectral channels. A plurality of patterns are sequentially displayed on the display screen. The optical sensor is used to measure light reflected by the surface during display of each pattern. A value is determined for the distance from the optical sensor to the illuminated region for a first local maximum of intensity of the measured light reflected by the surface. A location in a color space corresponding to a color of the surface or a reflectance spectrum of the surface is determined based on the visible light level in each spectral channel for the value of the distance corresponding to the first local maximum.

The invention relates to an apparatus for the investigation of surface properties with a housing, a light source which directs light through an opening in the housing onto a surface to be investigated, with a first detector device which is arranged inside at a first pre-set angle with respect to the light beam radiated onto the surface by the light source, with a second detector device which is arranged at a second pre-set angle with respect to the light beam radiated onto the surface by the light source and with a third detector device which is arranged inside the housing at a third pre-set angle with respect to the light beam radiated onto the surface by the light source. According to the invention the apparatus has at least two filter elements with optical properties which are different from each other which are arranged on a common carrier movable with respect to the light source, in such a way that each of these filter elements is optionally capable of being brought into a beam path between the light source and the surface.

A hand-held measurement device for appearance analyses includes a measurement array which comprises a number of illumination means for applying illumination light to a measurement field in at least three illumination directions and a number of pick-up means for capturing the measurement light in at least one observation direction. The illumination directions and the observation directions lie in a common system plane. At least one pick-up means is embodied to spectrally gauge the measurement light in a locally integral way, and at least one imaging pick-up means is embodied to gauge the measurement light in terms of color in a locally resolved way. The spectral pick-up means and the locally resolving pick-up means are arranged such that they receive the measurement light reflected by the measurement field under the same observation conditions and in particular from the same observation direction.

An edge portion measuring apparatus for measuring shape of an edge portion of a wafer, including, a holding portion that holds the wafer, a rotating means for rotating the wafer, a sensor including a light projecting portion for projecting a laser light from a light source onto the edge portion of the wafer held by the holding portion, and a light receiving detection unit receiving diffuse reflected light that the laser light projected is reflected at the edge portion of the wafer, wherein, rotating the wafer while holding the wafer, at least in a range from normal direction of a held surface of the wafer to normal direction of a surface opposite to the held surface, projecting the laser light and detecting the diffuse reflected light by the sensor, being able to measure the shape of an entire area of the edge portion of the wafer by a triangulation method.

The invention concerns a portable device that, even for a device of small dimensions, increases the amount of the recorded imagery data of a measured object in a fixed position in order to obtain spatially varying surface reflectance data, i.e. Bidirectional Texture Function data, and the multidirectional imaging of real objects with the use of a basic three-dimensional object (2) equipped with first illumination units (4) and/or exit apertures of a light guiding system (21) in combination with multiplication of optical elements (11) contributing to the imaging on the acquisition system and/or second illumination units (9) and/or acquisition elements of the camera/detector type and/or third illumination units (12), by their placement on moveable arms (7, 8, 13) attached to the basic three-dimensional object (2). This principle is usable for small portable devices and allows for recording the visual appearance of surfaces on site without having to extract a sample from its environment.

An apparatus for measuring a biological component includes: light sources configured to emit light that irradiates a target object; one or more detectors configured to receive light from the target object that is irradiated by the light emitted by the light sources and to detect light signals corresponding to the light received from the target object; and a processor configured to determine an optimal light source for measuring a biological component, from among the light sources, based on the light signals detected by the one or more detectors and to measure a biological component of the target object using the optimal light source.

The invention concerns a portable device that, even for a device of small dimensions, increases the amount of the recorded imagery data of a measured object in a fixed position in order to obtain spatially varying surface reflectance data, i.e. Bidirectional Texture Function data, and the multidirectional imaging of real objects with the use of a basic three-dimensional object (2) equipped with first illumination units (4) and/or exit apertures of a light guiding system (21) in combination with multiplication of optical elements contributing to the imaging on the acquisition system and/or second illumination units (9) and/or acquisition elements of the camera/detector type and/or third illumination units (12), by their placement on moveable arms (7, 8, 13) attached to the basic three-dimensional object (2). This principle is usable for small portable devices and allows for recording the visual appearance of surfaces on site without having to extract a sample from its environment.

A method for inspecting lacquered surfaces is provided, wherein radiation being irradiated by a first radiation device onto a surface to be inspected at a first predetermined irradiation angle, and a color image recording device recording a spatially resolved image of the surface irradiated by the irradiation direction at a first observation angle, this image recording device having a first predetermined sensitivity dependent on a wavelength of the radiation impinging on the image recording device, wherein an image evaluation device carries out a section-by-section and desirably pixel-by-pixel evaluation of the image recorded by the image recording device.

A measuring apparatus has at least two radiation sources arranged to illuminate a measuring region of a surface of a sample, the at least two sources configured to illuminate the measuring region along at least two illumination beam paths at different angles of incidence relative to a surface normal of the surface, a detector device configured to detect at least two scattered radiation images of surface sections in the illuminated measuring region at a predetermined viewing angle relative to the surface normal of the surface, portions of the scattered radiation received by the detector device, which portions are formed in each case by the illumination in one of the illumination beam paths, in each case having a common spatial frequency, and an evaluation device configured to determine at least one roughness feature of the surface sections from the at least two scattered radiation images.

A hand-held measurement device for appearance analyses includes a measurement array which comprises a number of illumination means for applying illumination light to a measurement field in at least three illumination directions and a number of pick-up means for capturing the measurement light in at least one observation direction. The illumination directions and the observation directions lie in a common system plane. At least one pick-up means is embodied to spectrally gauge the measurement light in a locally integral way, and at least one imaging pick-up means is embodied to gauge the measurement light in terms of color in a locally resolved way. The spectral pick-up means and the locally resolving pick-up means are arranged such that they receive the measurement light reflected by the measurement field under the same observation conditions and in particular from the same observation direction.