Embodiments of a method for examining shipments are disclosed herein. In the method, at least one shipment is arranged in an examination area. Radiation is emitted into the examination area for examining the at least one shipment by means of a radiation source. Radiation from the examination area is captured by means of a sensor device. The radiation source emits terahertz radiation, and the radiation source covers substantially the entire terahertz frequency spectrum from 1 terahertz to 6 terahertz.

Embodiments of a method for examining shipments are disclosed herein. In the method, at least one shipment is arranged in an examination area. Radiation is emitted into the examination area for examining the at least one shipment by means of a radiation source. Radiation from the examination area is captured by means of a sensor device. The radiation source emits terahertz radiation, and the radiation source covers substantially the entire terahertz frequency spectrum from 1 terahertz to 6 terahertz.

A terahertz gas spectrometer detection system is provided. The system includes: a terahertz generation module, a gas module, a terahertz detection module and a program-control and acquisition module. terahertz generation module is configured for generating and transmitting terahertz signals with different frequencies; gas module is configured for setting and storing to-be-detected gas, so that terahertz signals with different frequencies pass through the to-be-detected gas; terahertz detection module is configured for detecting amplitude signals of terahertz signals after passing through the to-be-detected gas through field effect transistor detector; program-control and acquisition module is configured for controlling the terahertz generation module to generate and transmit frequency of terahertz signal, and is further configured for acquiring amplitude detection signals of terahertz signals after passing through the to-be-detected gas, and generating spectrogram of to-be-detected gas.

A terahertz gas spectrometer detection system is provided. The system includes: a terahertz generation module, a gas module, a terahertz detection module and a program-control and acquisition module. terahertz generation module is configured for generating and transmitting terahertz signals with different frequencies; gas module is configured for setting and storing to-be-detected gas, so that terahertz signals with different frequencies pass through the to-be-detected gas; terahertz detection module is configured for detecting amplitude signals of terahertz signals after passing through the to-be-detected gas through field effect transistor detector; program-control and acquisition module is configured for controlling the terahertz generation module to generate and transmit frequency of terahertz signal, and is further configured for acquiring amplitude detection signals of terahertz signals after passing through the to-be-detected gas, and generating spectrogram of to-be-detected gas.

A permittivity measuring method includes measuring a set of phases at sampling frequencies of at least three points in each of a first-half portion and a second-half portion of a phase characteristic of electromagnetic waves that passed through a measurement target, if the mode of the phase changes of both sets of phases belongs to a phase group in which change of the at least three points in the first half and change of at least three points in the second half are both monotonic change, maximal values, or minimal values, calculating the permittivity using the phase slope of the phases in the first-half portion and the phases in the second-half portion, and if the mode of the phase changes does not belong to the phase group, calculating the permittivity by fitting the phases of either the first half or the second half to a quadratic function.

A permittivity measuring method includes measuring a set of phases at sampling frequencies of at least three points in each of a first-half portion and a second-half portion of a phase characteristic of electromagnetic waves that passed through a measurement target, if the mode of the phase changes of both sets of phases belongs to a phase group in which change of the at least three points in the first half and change of at least three points in the second half are both monotonic change, maximal values, or minimal values, calculating the permittivity using the phase slope of the phases in the first-half portion and the phases in the second-half portion, and if the mode of the phase changes does not belong to the phase group, calculating the permittivity by fitting the phases of either the first half or the second half to a quadratic function.

A radio frequency (RF) based waveguide health monitoring system is disclosed. The system employs an RF transmitter for launching a probe RF waveform into a waveguide. Reflections, etc., from the interior of the waveguide of the probe RF waveform create a signature RF waveform, with a health RF receiver receiving this resultant signature RF waveform. A health processing system analyzes the signature RF waveform, and when it detects a change indicative of a deformation of the waveguide, generates a warning signal. This change may be due to bends, flexes, vibrations (or changes in vibrations), or separations of the waveguide. The system may have low frequency, high frequency, or high frequency imaging modes. The system may employ a high-power probe RF waveform, thereby enabling a wireless charging system with power RF receivers located along the length of the waveguide providing additional functionality.

A radio frequency (RF) based waveguide health monitoring system is disclosed. The system employs an RF transmitter for launching a probe RF waveform into a waveguide. Reflections, etc., from the interior of the waveguide of the probe RF waveform create a signature RF waveform, with a health RF receiver receiving this resultant signature RF waveform. A health processing system analyzes the signature RF waveform, and when it detects a change indicative of a deformation of the waveguide, generates a warning signal. This change may be due to bends, flexes, vibrations (or changes in vibrations), or separations of the waveguide. The system may have low frequency, high frequency, or high frequency imaging modes. The system may employ a high-power probe RF waveform, thereby enabling a wireless charging system with power RF receivers located along the length of the waveguide providing additional functionality.

A method for dispensing a product from an interior volume of a container to which a power assembly is secured, which includes rotating an actuator sleeve of the power assembly in one direction relative to the container to draw an amount of the product from the interior volume into a pump chamber and to pressurize the pump chamber, and temporarily depressing an actuator of the power assembly to dispense a portion of the product from the pump chamber through a nozzle for a duration of time during which the actuator is temporarily depressed. During the duration when the product is dispensed from the container, the power assembly does not rotate relative to the container, and the power assembly is never rotated in an opposite direction.

A method for dispensing a product from an interior volume of a container to which a power assembly is secured, which includes rotating an actuator sleeve of the power assembly in one direction relative to the container to draw an amount of the product from the interior volume into a pump chamber and to pressurize the pump chamber, and temporarily depressing an actuator of the power assembly to dispense a portion of the product from the pump chamber through a nozzle for a duration of time during which the actuator is temporarily depressed. During the duration when the product is dispensed from the container, the power assembly does not rotate relative to the container, and the power assembly is never rotated in an opposite direction.