The present disclosure provides a real-time thermocycler, comprising: a well for storing a sample comprising a target and fluorescence molecules, a thermal unit for adjusting a temperature of the sample, an excitation unit for exciting the fluorescence molecules of the sample via radiation, a detection unit for detecting a fluorescence signal from the sample, and a controller for controlling the excitation unit to adjust an intensity of the excitation of the sample based on information about the target, such that the fluorescence signal is in a working range of the detection unit.

An automatic optical inspection (AOI) device and method are disclosed. The device is adapted to inspect an object under inspection (OUI) (102) carried on a workpiece stage (101) and includes: a plurality of detectors (111, 112) for capturing images of the OUI (102); a plurality of light sources (121, 122) for illuminating the OUI (102) in different illumination modes; and a synchronization controller (140) signal-coupled to both the plurality of detectors (111, 112) and the plurality of light sources (121, 122). The synchronization controller (140) is configured to directly or indirectly control the plurality of detectors (111, 112) and the plurality of light sources (121, 122) based on the position of the OUI (102) so that each of them is individually activated and deactivated according to a timing profile, that each of the detectors (111, 112) is able to capture images of the OUI (102) in an illumination mode provided by a corresponding one of the light sources (121, 122), and that when any one of the light sources (121, 122) is illuminating the OUI (102), only the one of the detectors (111, 112) corresponding to this light source (121, 122) is activated. Through the timing control over the multiple light sources (121, 122) and detectors (111, 112) by the synchronization controller (140), inspection with multiple measurement configurations can be accomplished within a single scan, resulting in a significant improvement in inspection efficiency.

A light emitting apparatus has light emitting units. The light emitting units can be respectively provided with current densities, so that the light emitted by each of the light emitting unit has a light intensity, wherein the current densities are different from each other, or partial of the current densities are different from each other. A number of the light emitting units can be larger than or equal to four, all of the four lighting frequencies of the four light emitting units are different from each other, or partial of the four lighting frequencies of the four light emitting units are identical to each other, and the light emitting apparatus and the object under test rotate relative to each other. A light emitting method, a spectrum detection method and a lighting correction method are also illustrated for increasing SNR, correcting the light intensity or the spectrum signal.

A fluorescence photometer includes a photometer unit and an optical fiber unit. The photometer unit includes a light source, an excitation-side spectroscope for separating light emitted from the light source to generate excitation light, and a fluorescence-side spectroscope for separating fluorescent light emitted from a sample irradiated with the excitation light to generate monochromatic light. The optical fiber unit guides the excitation light to the sample placed outside the photometer unit and guides the fluorescent light emitted from the sample to the photometer unit and includes an image fiber for capturing an image of the sample, an excitation-side fiber arranged around the image fiber and for guiding the excitation light to the sample, and a fluorescence-side fiber arranged around the image fiber and to guide the fluorescent light emitted from the sample to the photometer unit. The excitation-side fiber and the fluorescence-side fiber are arranged to surround the image fiber.

Disclosed herein is an apparatus including a structure containing a multiphase fluid and having a transparent window. A collimated light source emits light through the transparent window structure at a wavelength at which a component of a desired phase of the multiphase fluid is absorptive. A photodetector is positioned such that the emitted light passes through the multiphase fluid in the structure and out through the transparent window structure to impinge upon the photodetector. The photodetector has an actual dynamic range for light detection. Processing circuitry adjusts a power of the collimated light source in a series of steps dependent upon a relationship between an output level of the photodetector and a threshold to cause measurement of the emitted light over an effective dynamic range greater than the actual dynamic range. Properties of the multiphase fluid are determined as a function of the measured emitted light.

An apparatus includes a pipe through which a multiphase fluid flows, with a transparent window structure formed in the pipe. A collimated light source emits light through the transparent window structure into the pipe having a wavelength at which a component of a desired phase of the multiphase fluid is absorptive. A photodetector is positioned such that the emitted light passes through the multiphase fluid in the pipe to impinge upon the photodetector. The photodetector has an actual dynamic range for collimated light detection. Processing circuitry is configured to continuously adjust a power of the collimated light source dependent upon an output level of the photodetector so as to cause measurement of the emitted light over an effective dynamic range greater than the actual dynamic range, and determine a property of the multiphase fluid as a function of the power of the collimated light source.

The present disclosure relates to diagnostic test devices that provide improved communication to a user of one or both of proper functioning of the test device and an analog test result that is provided by the test device. The diagnostic test devices particularly can include one or more sensors effective to indicate application of a sufficient volume of a test fluid and/or can include one or more light sources positioned to illuminate an analog test result for improved visibility and understanding of the analog test result.

Systems and methods which use an optical sensor and an electromagnetic sensor in cooperation for detecting concentrations of one or more materials in solutions are described. In operation according to embodiments of a cooperative optical and electromagnetic sensor material concentration detector, both an optical sensor and electromagnetic sensor are used in cooperation to detect a concentration of a material having a physical feature that is otherwise incompatible with one or the other sensors and/or a material for which measurement is affected by another material present in the sample. Embodiments are, for example, configured to provide a cooperative implementation of optical and electromagnetic sensors operable to detect concentrations of metal ions and acid in a solution, such as for use in real-time material concentration detection.

An illustrative optical measurement system includes a light source configured to emit light directed at a target. The system further includes a detector configured to detect arrival times for photons of the light after the light is scattered by the target. The system further includes a temperature sensor configured to output a temperature signal representative of a temperature of the light source. The system further includes an optical sensor configured to output a power signal representative of an optical power level of the light emitted by the light source. The system further includes a driver circuit configured to output, based on the temperature signal and the power signal, an input current for the light source.

Apparatuses and methods for monitoring curing of photocurable material are disclosed. The methods generally include directing an ultraviolet cure light into a photocurable material, wherein the ultraviolet cure light causes the photocurable material to cure; directing a probe light into the photocurable material through an optical fiber during the cure; collecting a back reflection signal from the photocurable material with the optical fiber; and determining a refractive index change of the photocurable material during the cure.