An integrated process and system for measurement and treatment of toxic gases in deep natural gas. The process comprises: cooling and depressurizing deep natural gas and then drying same; sequentially performing radon, hydrogen sulfide, and mercury measurements on the dried deep natural gas; if it is found after the measurements that the concentrations of mercury, radon, and hydrogen sulfide in the deep natural gas reach standards, delivering the deep natural gas to a gas transmission pipeline; if it is found after the measurements that the concentrations of radon, hydrogen sulfide, and mercury in the deep natural gas are substandard, sequentially performing harmless treatment on radon and partial mercury, hydrogen sulfide, and remaining mercury in the deep natural gas; sequentially performing mercury, radon, and hydrogen sulfide measurements on the deep natural gas having experienced the harmless treatment; if the concentrations of mercury, radon, and hydrogen sulfide in the deep natural gas reach the standards, delivering the deep natural gas having experienced the harmless treatment to the gas transmission pipeline; and if the concentrations of mercury, radon, and hydrogen sulfide in the deep natural gas are substandard, continuing to sequentially perform harmless treatment on radon and partial mercury, hydrogen sulfide, and remaining mercury in the deep natural gas, until the concentrations thereof reach the standards.

A system (100) for producing analysis data indicative of presence of one or more predetermined components in a sample (110) is presented. The system includes source equipment (120) for directing a particle stream (130) towards the sample (110), detector equipment (140) for measuring a distribution of particles scattered from the sample (110) as a function of a scattering angle (), and processing equipment (170) for producing the analysis data based on the measured distribution of the scattered particles and on reference information indicative of an effect of the one or more predetermined components on the distribution of the scattered particles. The scattering angle related to each scattered particle is an angle between an arrival direction of the particle stream and a trajectory (160) of the scattered particle. The system utilizes different directional properties of scattering related to different isotopes, different chemical substances, and different isomers.

A system includes one or more neutron sources configured to emit neutrons. The system also includes one or more electron detectors configured to detect electrons. Further, the system includes a control system comprising one or more processors. The control system is configured to determine a lithium concentration based on the electrons. Further, the control system is configured to generate a lithium extraction output based on the lithium concentration.

A system includes one or more neutron sources configured to emit neutrons. The system also includes one or more electron detectors configured to detect electrons. Further, the system includes a control system comprising one or more processors. The control system is configured to determine a lithium concentration based on the electrons. Further, the control system is configured to generate a lithium extraction output based on the lithium concentration.

A method for identifying a soil texture class of a soil using gamma analysis comprises: acquiring an inelastic neutron scattering (INS) gamma spectrum of the soil; calculating at least one ratio of a mass fraction of a first oxide to a mass fraction of a second oxide present in the soil, wherein the mass fraction of each of the first and second oxides is determined from calculating a contribution to a characteristic peak in the gamma spectrum of the soil by each oxide of the first and second oxides; and identifying one or more soil texture classes of the soil by identifying a contour line of a contour plot that corresponds to the calculated at least one ratio, wherein the contour line correlates the calculated at least one ratio to one or more soil texture classes. A mobile system for gamma analysis determination of soil texture is also provided.