This invention is directed to manipulation and modification of the oral microbiome of a mammal, in particular a companion mammal, by intervention, for example by administration of supplemental compounds, modification of a dietary component, and/or physical intervention, based on sampling and assessment of microbes. The methods can be for the purpose of potentially improving an oral health condition of the individual. Manipulations are based on analysis of at least one sample obtained from an oral tissue or oral cavity of the mammal, and optionally other mammals, each sample including or indicative of microbes of an oral microbiome.

Disclosed are P. gingivalis antibodies raised against a chimeric or fusion protein, wherein the chimeric or fusion protein comprises a first peptide joined directly or through a linker to a second peptide or polypeptide, wherein (A) the first peptide comprises a region of a P. gingivalis trypsin-like enzyme and (B) the second peptide or polypeptide comprises an adhesin domain of P. gingivalis.

Methods of determining one or more ratios of chemokines in gingival crevicular fluid of an individual selected from the group consisting of: MIF:MIP1a, MIF:CXCL1; MIF:CXCL5; M1F:CXCL8; MIF:CXCL2; and MIF:CXCL6 and methods of identifying an individual as having gingivitis comprising determining one or more ratios of the chemokines in gingival crevicular fluid are disclosed. Methods of treating individuals who are identified as having gingivitis by determining one or more ratios of the chemokines in gingival crevicular fluid are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of monitoring the treatment individuals who have gingivitis.

A kit for detecting an inflammation level of an oral cavity based on a biomarker indicative of inflammation, the kit comprising at least one rinsing substance; a cup sized to contain a predetermined amount of at least one rinsing substance; a colourimetric reference corresponding to a predetermined inflammation level, and a colourimetric indicator reactive to the biomarker in the at least one rinsing substance consistently with the colourimetric reference.

The invention relates to generation and use of cellular and humoral responses for the prevention and treatment of P. gingivalis related conditions and diseases.

Disclosed is an in vitro oral biofilm model of interdental spaces including: a support, and a plurality of substratum pairs attached to the support, wherein an oral biofilm is capable of forming on the substratum pairs, wherein the substratum pairs each include a first member and a second member, and wherein the first member and the second member of each substratum pair are arranged to form a space interval between the first member and second member. Methods for assessing the formation of oral biofilms using the in vitro oral biofilm model and methods for testing agents, such as oral compositions, on biofilm reduction using the present model are also provided.

This invention is directed to methods of detecting biofilm treated in situ with an active ingredient, and subsequently imaging or detecting types or varieties of biofilm and/or architectural changes in biofilm when treated with certain actives. Additionally, the invention contemplates screening assays to discover further candidate compounds that can affect biofilm growth and formation, as it relates to the maintenance of oral health and prevention of oral diseases.

The present invention makes it possible to simply, rapidly, and with high sensitivity detect periodontopathic bacteria at room temperature and in under ten minutes (approximately 2-8 minutes). The arginine-specific peptidase activity of three strains of periodontopathic bacteria, i.e., Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Tannerella forsythia, are analyzed at room temperature, in under ten minutes, and with high sensitivity. A first compound that has an anti-oxidizing effect and/or a second compound that protects SH groups (mercapto groups) and has a disulfide bond-cleaving effect are present during analysis of a sample. The first compound is at least one among L-ascorbic acid, L-cysteine hydrochloride, and glutathione, and the second compound is at least one among DTT, thioglycolic acid, thioglycerol, mercaptoethanol, and TCEP.

Present invention relates to the in vitro use of the level or concentration in a salivary or breath sample of bacteria belonging to the Alloprevotella, Prevotella, Campylobacter, Rothia, Catonella, Porphyromona, Fretibacterium genus, or any combination thereof, for the diagnosis of carcinomas or epidermoid cancers, especially epidermoid cancer of the head and neck, in a patient, or to obtain useful data that allow such a diagnosis.

Methods of determining one or more ratios of chemokines in gingival crevicular fluid of an individual selected from the group consisting of: MIF:MIP1a, M1F:CXCL1; MIF:CXCL5; MIF:CXCL8; M1F:CXCL2; and MIF:CXCL6 and methods of identifying an individual as having gingivitis comprising determining one or more ratios of the chemokines in gingival crevicular fluid are disclosed. Methods of treating individuals who are identified as having gingivitis by determining one or more ratios of the chemokines in gingival crevicular fluid are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of monitoring the treatment individuals who have gingivitis.