Provided herein are uses of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) inhibitors in cancer treatment, in some cases in combination with immune stimulating agents, such as inhibitors of PD-1 or PD-L1. In some embodiments, FGFR2 inhibitors may comprise FGFR2 antibodies or FGFR2 extracellular domain (ECD) polypeptides, or FGFR2 ECD fusion molecules comprising an FGFR2 ECD and a fusion partner. In some embodiments, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors may comprise anti-PD-1 antibodies such as antibodies that bind to PD-1 or to PD-L1 and inhibit interactions between these proteins, as well as PD-1 fusion proteins or polypeptides.

This invention relates methods and compositions for identifying Colorectal Cancer (CRC) prognostic transcripts and groups of CRC prognostic transcripts useful in determining the prognosis of cancer in a patient, particularly for gastrointestinal cancer, such as gastric or colorectal cancer. Specifically, this invention relates to CRC cell culture-based methods to identify cell proliferation signatures.

The present invention relates to novel antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof that specifically bind to TransMembrane 4 Superfamily Member 4 (TM4SF4). These antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof exhibit proliferation inhibitory activity of cancer cells so as to effectively prevent or treat cancer, and reduce the self-renewal ability of cancer stem cells to be usefully used even in the treatments of cancer with a poor prognosis in conventional anticancer treatments.

The invention relates to methods for detecting and/or characterising a nanovesicle in a sample or a method of detecting a target that is bound or associated with said nanovesicle, wherein the sample is brought into contact with nanoparticles that are capable of binding on the surface of nanovesicle and form, in situ, a nanoshell that surround said nanovesicle. In a preferred embodiment, the nanovesicle is exosome labelled with fluorescent probes and the nanoparticles are gold nanoparticles (AuNP). The invention also relates to a kit or microfluidic chip for performing such methods, as well as a method of determining the prognosis of a cancer in a subject by performing such methods.

The invention relates to an in vitro method for the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis (AP) in a subject by detection of Glycoprotein 2 isoform alpha (GP2a) protein. In particular the invention pro-vides an in vitro method for the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis (AP) in a subject by detection of Glycoprotein 2 isoform alpha (GP2a) protein, comprising providing a sample of a human subject exhibiting symptoms of having pancreatic disease, wherein said sample is obtained from the subject within 72 hours of the appearance of said symptoms, providing an affinity reagent directed against GP2a, contacting said sample with said affinity reagent thereby capturing GP2a from said sample, and determining the concentration of GP2a from said sample, wherein determining a concentration of GP2a in said sample that is greater than the average concentration of GP2a in control samples, such as in a group of healthy individuals, indicates the presence of AP and the absence of one or more of chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, liver cancer, neuroendocrine tumor, sarcoma, peptic ulcer or peritonitis. The invention further provides a kit and a system developed for carrying out the claimed method and determining the concentration of GP2a and performing an automated analysis of one or more samples.

Disclosed herein are a group of gastric cancer VOC markers in saliva and an application thereof in the preparation of a diagnostic reagent of gastric cancer. The markers are a combination of compounds selected from the group consisting of acetaldehyde, 2-methylbutyraldehyde, isopropanol, hexanal, n-butanol, cineole, nonanal, menthone, 2-ethylhexanol, menthol, anethole and dodecanol. The diagnostic reagent is used for detecting the contents of the marker in a saliva sample of a subject to perform the diagnosis of gastric cancer.

Provided herein are methods, compositions, kits, and systems for diagnosing, predicting, and treating gastric cancer for a subject based on the presence and level of antibodies against particular H. pylori proteins in a biological sample obtained from the subject. In particular, provided herein are methods for identifying a subject having increased risk of developing gastric cancer, methods for detecting gastric cancer in a subject, methods for determining an H. pylori antibody signature comprising antibodies, contained in a biological sample from a subject, that specifically bind to immobilized H. pylori antigens, and kits comprising components and instructions for performing the methods of this disclosure.

The disclosure provides novel personalized therapies, kits, transmittable forms of information and methods for use in treating patients having cancer, wherein the cancer is amenable to therapeutic treatment with an inhibitor, e.g., an inhibitor of any of the targets disclosed herein. Kits, methods of screening for candidate inhibitors, and associated methods of treatment are also provided.

A method of treating a cancer in a subject, in need thereof, comprising determining a DKK1 expression H-score or % positive in a sample of the subject's cancer; and administering a DKK1 antagonist to the subject determined to have the DKK1 expression H-score or % positive equal to or greater than a predetermined value.

The present invention relates to a suppressor or inhibitor of the expression and/or the activity of Chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) for use in the prevention and/or treatment of tumors, wherein said tumors are resistant to antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) dependent therapies and/or for use in reducing the risk of developing resistance to antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) dependent therapies.