Four dimensional (4D) energy-field package assembly for projecting energy fields according to a 4D coordinate function. The 4D energy-field package assembly includes an energy-source system having energy sources capable of providing energy to energy locations, and energy waveguides for directing energy from the energy locations from one side of the energy waveguide to another side of the energy waveguide along energy propagation paths.

The present invention is a device for sterilizing microorganisms on a liquid or solid substrate. The device includes a light source for producing a light and an optical device positioned proximate the light source. The optical device is configured to focus the light generated by the light source to provide a high intensity light output. The optical device also includes a dichroic reflector. The dichroic reflector is configured to pass thermal energy generated by the light source and reflect the light produced by the light source. The device also includes a power supply, where the power supply is coupled to the light source and the optical device. The device thereby killing microbial organisms presented within the range of the high intensity light output.

A light-emission device includes at least one emission module comprising: a luminescent crystal known as a concentrator crystal with at least six faces which are parallel in pairs, including a first and a second face, known as lateral faces, perpendicular to a direction x and separated by a distance corresponding to a horizontal dimension of the concentrator in the direction x; a first mirror, which is configured such as to cover the first lateral face at least partly, defining a surface area covered by the first mirror, and at least one surface area (SFS1) which is not covered by the first mirror defining an associated output face; a second mirror, which is configured such as to cover at least 95% of the second lateral face; a brightness triggering element, which is designed to generate emission of brightness radiation (L.sub.F) in the luminescent crystal; a ratio R between the non-covered surface area (SFS1) and a surface area (S.sub.L) of the first lateral face being determined such that rays of the brightness radiation are reflected on the first and second mirrors, and are propagated over a mean distance L.sub.moy such that

[00001]$L_p=\frac{1}{\alpha }>L_{\mathrm{moy}}\gg L$

within the luminescent crystal before passing through at least one output face, forming an output beam, where α is a coefficient of loss per unit of length of the concentrator for the brightness radiation.

An optical emitter-receiver module includes a light source, a photodetector and a fiber. The light source emits an emitted beam. The fiber includes a core and an optical axis. The fiber has an outer surface, inclined at an angle of 45° with respect to the optical axis, having a mirror. The fiber has a notch, extending to the core of the fiber and having a face having a dichroic filter for reflecting a received beam. The light source is arranged relative to the mirror so that the emitted beam is reflected by the mirror and transmitted in the fiber. The photodetector and the face of the notch are positioned so that the received beam reflected by the dichroic filter is directed towards the photodetector.

The present disclosure describes a throughput-scalable image sensing system for analyzing biological or chemical samples is provided. The system includes a plurality of image sensors configured to detect at least a portion of light emitted as a result of analyzing the biological or chemical samples. The plurality of image sensors is arranged on a plurality of wafer-level packaged semiconductor dies of a single semiconductor wafer. Each image sensor of the plurality of image sensors is disposed on a separate packaged semiconductor die of the plurality of packaged semiconductor dies. Neighboring packaged semiconductor dies are separated by a dicing street; and the plurality of packaged semiconductor dies and a plurality of dicing streets are arranged such that the plurality of packaged semiconductor dies can be diced from the single semiconductor wafer as a group.

A photonic integrated circuit, PIC, for use in generating a random number. The PIC comprising: light source on a substrate; a light detector on the substrate configured to, in response to receipt of light from the light source, output an electrical signal for use in generating the random number; and a light guidance system on the substrate configured to direct light from the light source to the light detector.

Systems for generating solar power are provided. One such system includes a solar radiation collector and one or more side-emitting fiber-optic cables, coupled to the solar radiation collector. The system further includes one or more photovoltaic cell enclosures, including an outer housing and one or more photovoltaic cells, wherein the one or more side-emitting fiber-optic cables is positioned within the outer housing and configured to emit, to the one or more photovoltaic cells, solar radiation collected from the solar radiation collector.

A Concentrating PhotoVoltaic (CPV) system employs an inflatable non-imaging CPC concentrator to concentrate sunlight to realize extremely low cost and a synergistically combined photonic crystal waveguide solar spectrum splitter and perovskite integrated circuitry solar cell package to realize ultra-high conversion efficiency of solar radiation. The corporation of band gap variable perovskite materials into the integrated circuit solar cell not only reduces the cost and raises the efficiency of the photovoltaic package as the receiver, but also addresses the unstable issue of the perovskite materials through sealing the perovskite materials into package to prevent moisture, reducing the heat generation to low the temperature, and filtering the UV light and channel to other elemental solar made of broader band gap photovoltaic materials.

A light guide plate can include: a first end surface coupled to a reflection surface and a second end surface; where an incident light entering the light guide plate through the first end surface is reflected by the reflection surface and then output from the second end surface; and a diffusion structure configured to increase a transmission path of the incident light in the light guide plate.

A device includes a light source to emit light and a light detector to receive the light emitted by the light source. The device may include a high voltage optical transformer and may be configured such that the light detector is laterally spaced away from the light source. In some architectures, the light source and the light detector may be arranged in a common plane. A photonic integrated circuit may be used to couple light emitted from the light source to the light detector.