A substrate holder for a lithographic apparatus has a planarization layer provided on a surface thereof. The planarization layer provides a smooth surface for the formation of an electronic component such as a thin film electronic component. The planarization layer may be provided in multiple sub layers. The planarization layer may smooth over roughness caused by removal of material from a blank to form burls on the substrate holder.

Substrate tables for lithography and methods of handling a substrate. In one arrangement, a substrate table includes one or more membranes. An actuation system deforms each membrane to change a height of a portion of the membrane. In another arrangement, a substrate table includes one or more membranes and a clamping system for clamping a substrate to the substrate table, wherein the clamping deforms each membrane by pressing the substrate against the membrane.

A substrate holder for use in a lithographic apparatus and configured to support a substrate, the substrate holder including a main body having a main body surface; a plurality of burls projecting from the main body surface to support the substrate spaced apart from the main body surface; and a liquid control structure provided in a peripheral region of the main body surface and configured to cause liquid to preferentially flow toward the periphery of the main body surface.

Devices, systems, and methods (a) receive a predetermined fluid drop volume and an array of cells, wherein each cell in the array is associated with a respective predetermined fluid volume; (b) scan the array of cells according to a scanning sequence for a next unassigned cell and add the next unassigned cell to a respective fill set; (c) add unassigned cells neighboring the next unassigned cell to the respective fill set until an aggregate of the respective predetermined fluid volumes of the cells in the respective fill set equals or exceeds the predetermined fluid drop volume; (d) place a fluid drop in the drop pattern within an area associated with the respective fill set and mark all cells in the respective fill set as assigned; and (e) repeat (b)-(d) until all cells in the array of cells have been assigned and the drop pattern has been generated.

The invention provides a stage apparatus, comprising an object support comprising a ring shaped protrusion having an outer radius in a first plane, and configured to support an object with a radius in the first plane larger than the outer radius of the ring shaped protrusion. The stage apparatus further comprises a sensor module configured to detect the object support, and the object when it is arranged on the object support. The stage apparatus further comprises a processing unit configured to receive one or more signals from the sensor module, and to determine, based on said one or more signals, a position of the object relative to the ring shaped protrusion when the object is arranged on the object support. The processing unit is further configured to determine, based on said position of the object, an offset value representing the position of the object relative to the ring shaped protrusion.

A substrate support for supporting a substrate. The substrate support comprises a main body, a clamping device and a dither device. The main body comprises a support surface for supporting the substrate. The clamping device is arranged to provide the clamping force to clamp the substrate on the support surface. The dither device is configured to dither the clamping force. The dither device may be configured to dither the clamping force while the substrate W is being loaded onto the support surface.

A clamp assembly is disclose, the clamp assembly comprising a clamp (50) configurable to clamp a support member (110) to a lower base surface (49) of the clamp by electrostatic adhesion, and an arrangement configurable to direct a gas to the lower base surface (49) of the clamp. The arrangement is configurable to humidify the gas by exposing the gas to a liquid. Also disclosed is a method of discharging a lower base surface of a clamp, The method comprises the steps of humidifying a gas by exposing the gas to a liquid, and directing the humidified gas to a lower base surface of the clamp.

Exemplary lithography mask processing chambers may include a substrate support that includes a plurality of lift pins that are vertically translatable relative to a top surface of the substrate support. The lithography mask processing chambers may include a cover ring positioned atop the substrate support. The cover ring may define a rectilinear substrate seat. A top surface of the rectilinear substrate seat may be elevated above the top surface of the substrate support. An outer periphery of the rectilinear substrate seat may be positioned outward of the plurality of lift pins.

Substrate tables and methods of manufacturing substrate supports for substrate tables. In one arrangement, a plurality of holes are formed through a base member. A burl formation member is joined to the base member. A plurality of burl structures are formed in the burl formation member. Each burl structure includes a distal surface that contacts, in use, a substrate being supported. Each burl structure has an opening to at least one of the holes formed through the base member.

An imprint lithography method for positioning substrates includes supporting first and second substrates respectively atop first and second chucks, pneumatically suspending the first and second chucks laterally within first and second bushings, supporting the first and second chucks vertically within the first and second bushings, maintaining the first and second chucks respectively in first and second fixed rotational orientations, and forcing the first and second chucks in a downward direction independently of each other respectively against first and second vertical resistive forces until first and second top surfaces of the first and second substrates are coplanar, while maintaining the first and second chucks suspended laterally within the first and second bushings and while maintaining the first and second chucks in the first and second fixed rotational orientations.