A dielectric material, a method of manufacturing thereof, and a dielectric device and an electronic device including the same. A dielectric material includes a layered metal oxide including a first layer having a positive charge and a second layer having a negative charge which are laminated, a monolayer nanosheet exfoliated from the layered metal oxide, a nanosheet laminate of the monolayer nanosheets, or a combination thereof, wherein the dielectric material includes a two-dimensional layered material having a two-dimensional crystal structure and the two-dimensional layered material is represented by Chemical Formula 1.

A dielectric material, a method of manufacturing thereof, and a dielectric device and an electronic device including the same. A dielectric material includes a layered metal oxide including a first layer having a positive charge and a second layer having a negative charge which are laminated, a monolayer nanosheet exfoliated from the layered metal oxide, a nanosheet laminate of the monolayer nanosheets, or a combination thereof, wherein the dielectric material includes a two-dimensional layered material having a two-dimensional crystal structure and the two-dimensional layered material is represented by Chemical Formula 1.

The present invention relates to a process for the variable adjustment of the electrical insulation properties of varistor-containing composite materials with the aid of defined filler mixtures, to the use of such filler mixtures, and to composite materials having resistive and capacitive field-control properties comprising filler mixtures of this type.

The present invention provides a ring varistor for use in DC micromotor including a ring varistor substrate having nonlinear volt-ampere characteristics and at least three independent electrodes evenly sintered on an end face of the ring varistor substrate. The electrode gap between two adjacent electrodes consists of two straight parallel edges of the two adjacent electrodes, and an inner and an outer concentric arc on the substrate ring, the electrode gap is not orthogonal to the ring. Due to the asymmetry arrangement of the surface electrodes and the electrode gaps, the electrode materials and the substrate materials with different thermal conductivity have no contact cross distribution with each other at the radial electrode gap. During welding, the heat shock is transmitted asymmetrically through the asymmetric electrodes, to improve the uniformity of the heat conduction distribution of the varistor and reduce the defective rate of the substrate welding fracture.

The present invention provides a ring varistor for use in DC micromotor including a ring varistor substrate having nonlinear volt-ampere characteristics and at least three independent electrodes evenly sintered on an end face of the ring varistor substrate. The electrode gap between two adjacent electrodes consists of two straight parallel edges of the two adjacent electrodes, and an inner and an outer concentric arc on the substrate ring, the electrode gap is not orthogonal to the ring. Due to the asymmetry arrangement of the surface electrodes and the electrode gaps, the electrode materials and the substrate materials with different thermal conductivity have no contact cross distribution with each other at the radial electrode gap. During welding, the heat shock is transmitted asymmetrically through the asymmetric electrodes, to improve the uniformity of the heat conduction distribution of the varistor and reduce the defective rate of the substrate welding fracture.

In an electronic component including a ceramic body and an external electrode, the external electrode includes a resin layer including a conductive powder and a plating film in direct contact with the resin layer. The plating film includes a metal with a face-centered cubic structure, and a value of F is about 0.20 or more and about 0.50 or less, where F=(P?P.sub.0)/(1?P.sub.0), P.sub.0=I.sub.0(111)/{I.sub.0(111)+I.sub.0(200)+I.sub.0(220)} and P=I(111)/{I(111)+I(200)+I(220)}, and I.sub.0 (111), I.sub.0 (200), and I.sub.0 (220) are diffraction intensities of a (111) plane, a (200) plane, and a (220) plane obtained from known powder X-ray diffraction data for a metal in the plating film, and I (111), I (200), and I (220) are diffraction intensities of a (111) plane, a (200) plane, and a (220) plane obtained from an X-ray diffraction pattern of the plating film.

A dielectric material, a method of manufacturing thereof, and a dielectric device and an electronic device including the same. A dielectric material includes a layered metal oxide including a first layer having a positive charge and a second layer having a negative charge which are laminated, a monolayer nanosheet exfoliated from the layered metal oxide, a nanosheet laminate of the monolayer nanosheets, or a combination thereof, wherein the dielectric material includes a two-dimensional layered material having a two-dimensional crystal structure and the two-dimensional layered material is represented by Chemical Formula 1.

The present invention provides a ring varistor for use in DC micromotor including a ring varistor substrate having nonlinear volt-ampere characteristics and at least three independent electrodes evenly sintered on an end face of the ring varistor substrate. The electrode gap between two adjacent electrodes consists of two straight parallel edges of the two adjacent electrodes, and an inner and an outer concentric arc on the substrate ring, the electrode gap is not orthogonal to the ring. Due to the asymmetry arrangement of the surface electrodes and the electrode gaps, the electrode materials and the substrate materials with different thermal conductivity have no contact cross distribution with each other at the radial electrode gap. During welding, the heat shock is transmitted asymmetrically through the asymmetric electrodes, to improve the uniformity of the heat conduction distribution of the varistor and reduce the defective rate of the substrate welding fracture.

The present invention provides a ring varistor for use in DC micromotor including a ring varistor substrate having nonlinear volt-ampere characteristics and at least three independent electrodes evenly sintered on an end face of the ring varistor substrate. The electrode gap between two adjacent electrodes consists of two straight parallel edges of the two adjacent electrodes, and an inner and an outer concentric arc on the substrate ring, the electrode gap is not orthogonal to the ring. Due to the asymmetry arrangement of the surface electrodes and the electrode gaps, the electrode materials and the substrate materials with different thermal conductivity have no contact cross distribution with each other at the radial electrode gap. During welding, the heat shock is transmitted asymmetrically through the asymmetric electrodes, to improve the uniformity of the heat conduction distribution of the varistor and reduce the defective rate of the substrate welding fracture.