According to an embodiment, a superconductor includes a base member, and a superconducting layer provided on the base member. The superconducting Layer has a first surface on the base member side, and a second surface on the side opposite to the first surface. The lattice constant of the base member substantially matches the lattice constant of the superconducting layer. The superconducting layer includes REA.sub.1-xREB.sub.xBa.sub.2Cu.sub.3O.sub.7-z. The x is not less than 0.01 and not more than 0.40. The z is not less than 0.02 and not more than 0.20. The REA includes at least one of Y, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, or Lu. The REB includes at least one of Nd or Sm. The superconducting layer includes a first surface-side region including a portion of the first surface. The first surface-side region includes a first region having an orientation property, and a second region.

Disclosed are a cerium magnet with diffused grain boundaries containing REFe2 and a preparation method therefor, wherein an original cerium magnet contains a 2-14-1 main phase, a REFe2 phase and a rare earth-rich phase, and the REFe 2 phase is a CeFe2 phase or a (Ce,RE′)Fe2 phase. The RE″ element in a rare earth diffusion source is diffused into the original cerium magnet by means of a grain boundary diffusion treatment at the melting point of the REFe2 phase, and same is then cooled directly or cooled after a tempering treatment to room temperature to obtain a final cerium magnet. The final cerium magnet contains a new 2-14-1 main phase, a new enhanced REFe2 phase and a new rare earth-rich phase, wherein the new 2-14-1 main phase is a (Ce,RE″)2Fe14B or (Ce,RE′,RE″)2Fe14B main phase, and the new enhanced REFe2 phase is a (CeRE″)Fe2 phase or a (Ce,RE′,RE″)Fe2 phase, wherein RE′ and RE″ are one or more of La, Pr, Nd, Pm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu and Y. The cerium magnet improves the diffusion efficiency of the element RE″ in the diffusion source, and substantially improve the coercivity thereof.

The invention relates to high entropy alloy of rare earth elements (RE-HEAs) including at least four and up to twelve elements selected form rare earth elements R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7, R.sub.8, R.sub.9, R.sub.10, R.sub.11, R.sub.12, which rare earth elements R.sub.1 to R.sub.12 each represents one of elements 57 to 60, 62 to 70, 39 and 40 of the periodic system and to high entropy alloy of transition elements (TM-HEAs) including at least 3 and up to 12 elements selected from transitional elements TM.sub.1, TM.sub.2, TM.sub.3, TM.sub.4, TM.sub.5, TM.sub.6, TM.sub.7, TM.sub.8, TM.sub.9, TM.sub.10, TM.sub.11, TM.sub.12, which transitional elements TM.sub.1 to TM.sub.12 each represent at least one of elements 21 to 30, 41 to 48 and 72 to 79 of the periodic system. Such RE-HEAs and/or TM-HEAs can be used as building blocks in magnetic high entropy composite alloys, e.g. of the type (RE-HEAs).sub.x(TM-HEAs).sub.yT.sub.z, for the manufacture of magnetic devices and permanent magnets.

A rare earth sintered magnet has a C concentration of 800-1,400 ppm, an O concentration of up to 1,000 ppm, and a N concentration of up to 800 ppm, an average crystal grain size D50 of up to 4.5 μm, and a degree of orientation Or (%) which is defined by the formula: Or (Br/4πIs)*100, wherein D50 and Or meet the relationship: Or>0.7*D50+95. The sintered magnet shows both high values of Br and H.sub.cJ.

A neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material, a preparation method therefor and an application thereof. The neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 29.5-31.5 wt. % of R, where RH>1.5 wt. %; 0.05-0.25 wt. % of Cu; 0.42-2.6 wt. % of Co; 0.20-0.3 wt. % of Ga; 0.25-0.3 wt. % of N; 0.46-0.6 wt. % of Al, or alternatively Al is less than or equal to 0.04 wt. % but is not 0; 0.98-1 wt. % of B; and 64-68 wt. % of Fe; wherein R is a rare-earth element and comprises Nd and RH, RH is a heavy rare-earth element and comprises Tb, and a mass ratio of Tb to Co is less than or equal to 15 but is not 0. The neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material has higher Hcj and Br, and lower absolute values of temperature coefficients of Br and Hcj.

The present invention discloses rare earth-bonded magnetic powder and a preparation method therefor. The bonded magnetic powder is of a multilayer core-shell structure, and comprises a core layer and an antioxidant layer (3), wherein the core layer is formed by RFeMB, R is Nd and/or PrNd, and M is one or more of Co, Nb, and Zr; and the core layer is coated with an iron-nitrogen layer (2). In addition, the present invention also discloses the preparation method for the rare earth-bonded magnetic powder and a bonded magnet. The oxidation and corrosion of magnetic raw powder during phosphorization and subsequent treatment process are effectively prevented, thereby further improving the long-term temperature resistance and environmental tolerance of the material.

The current invention discloses a type of micronized powder for manufacturing sintered Neodymium magnetic material, a target type jet mill pulverization method to prepare the micronized powder, and the resulting pulverized powder. The Neodymium magnet powder created under the method is of sphericity of greater than or equal to 90% and of particle adhesion rate of less than or equal to 10%. A is the diameter of the target center, B is the diameter of the side nozzle, and C is the distance between the target center and the nozzle. The relationship amongst A, B and C is A/B=m×(C/A+B), where m ranges from 1 to 7. A velocity of the jet stream from side nozzle is between about 320 m/s to about 580 m/s.

Embodiments relate to systems and methods for producing magnetic material. The method includes providing a mixture of alloys. The composition of alloy are not particularly limited. The method includes melting the mixture of alloys to arrive at a molten mixture of alloys. The method includes performing a melt-spinning process to rapidly solidify the molten mixture of alloys via a rotatable wheel to arrive at a preliminary metallic ribbon. The preliminary metallic ribbon having an elongated flat body with a bottom side and a top side, the top side opposite to the bottom side. The method includes performing a grain size refinement and uniformity process, the grain size refinement and uniformity process including delivering a first coolant directly to at least a central region of the top side and/or bottom side of the preliminary metallic ribbon to arrive at a final metallic ribbon.

Provided is a rare earth magnet alloy having a tetragonal R.sub.2Fe.sub.14B crystal structure, including: a main phase containing, as main constituent elements, at least one kind selected from the group consisting of: Nd; La; and Sm, Fe, and B; and a sub-phase containing, as main constituent elements, at least one kind selected from the group consisting of: Nd; La; and Sm, and O, wherein La substitutes for at least one of a Nd(f) site or a Nd(g) site, wherein Sm substitutes for at least one of a Nd(f) site or a Nd(g) site, wherein La segregates in the sub-phase, and wherein Sm is dispersed in the main phase and the sub-phase without segregation.

A method for producing a magnetic powder includes the steps of: mixing neodymium oxide, boron, and iron to prepare a first mixture; adding and mixing calcium to the first mixture to prepare a second mixture; mixing an alkali metal with the second mixture to prepare a third mixture; and placing a carbon sheet on the third mixture, placing silica sand (SiO.sub.2 sand) thereon, and then heating the same to a temperature of 800° C. to 1100° C.