A photovoltaic cell is proposed. The photovoltaic cell includes a substrate of semiconductor material, and a plurality of contact terminals each one arranged on a corresponding contact area of the substrate for collecting electric charges being generated in the substrate by the light. For at least one of the contact areas, the substrate includes at least one porous semiconductor region extending from the contact area into the substrate for anchoring the whole corresponding contact terminal on the substrate. In the solution according to an embodiment of the invention, each porous semiconductor region has a porosity decreasing moving away from the contact area inwards the substrate. An etching module and an electrolytic module for processing photovoltaic cells, a production line for producing photovoltaic cells, and a process for producing photovoltaic cells are also proposed.

A high-electron mobility transistor includes a substrate; a channel layer on the substrate; a AlGaN layer on the channel layer; and a P—GaN gate on the AlGaN layer. The AlGaN layer comprises a first region and a second region. The first region has a composition that is different from that of the second region.

The present invention relates to a chip tray positioning device, which mainly comprises a frame body, a tray conveying module, a pulling module, a pushing module and a controller. The tray conveying module is disposed on the frame body, electrically connected to the controller and controlled to convey a chip tray from the start area to the end area. The pulling module and the pushing module are disposed on the frame body, electrically connected to the controller and controlled to cause the chip tray to be abutted against the end wall and the lateral wall of the frame body, thereby realizing the positioning of the chip tray and eliminating an error formed in the transfer process of the chip tray. In addition, the controller also controls the pushing module to knock the chip tray at a specific frequency so that the chip tray is vibrated.

A process for transferring a component from a release layer by exposing the release layer to light and heat from different sources is described. The process includes providing an assembly comprising a substrate, a release layer and a component, heating the release layer and exposing the release layer to an actinic wavelength of light, wherein the heating source and the actinic irradiation source are different sources.

Disclosed is a manufacturing apparatus of a light-emitting element. The manufacturing apparatus includes: a main transporting route including a first transfer device and a second transfer device connected to each other through a first transporting chamber; a sub-transporting route extending in a direction intersecting the main transporting route, the sub-transporting route including: a second transporting chamber connected to the first transfer device or the second transfer device; and a delivery chamber connected to the second transporting chamber; and a plurality of treatment chambers connected to the delivery chamber. A region to which the first transfer device, the second transfer device, the first transporting chamber, and the second transporting chamber are connected is under a continuous vacuum environment.

A tool for depositing multilayer coatings onto a substrate. The tool includes a housing defining a vacuum chamber connected to a vacuum source, deposition stations each configured to deposit a layer of multilayer coating on the substrate, a curing station, and a contamination reduction device. At least one of the deposition stations is configured to deposit an inorganic layer, while at least one other deposition station is configured to deposit an organic layer. In one tool configuration, the substrate may travel back and forth through the tool as many times as needed to achieve the desired number of layers of multilayer coating. In another, the tool may include numerous housings adjacently spaced such that the substrate may make a single unidirectional pass. The contamination reduction device may be configured as one or more migration control chambers about at least one of the deposition stations, and further includes cooling devices, such as chillers, to reduce the presence of vaporous layer precursors. The tool is particularly well-suited to depositing multilayer coatings onto flexible substrates, as well as to encapsulating environmentally-sensitive devices placed on the flexible substrate.

[Summary] [Problem] A TFT is manufactured using at least five photomasks in a conventional liquid crystal display device, and therefore the manufacturing cost is high. [Solving Means] By performing the formation of the pixel electrode 127, the source region 123 and the drain region 124 by using three photomasks in three photolithography steps, a liquid crystal display device prepared with a pixel TFT portion, having a reverse stagger type n-channel TFT, and a storage capacitor can be realized.

A glass sheet semiconductor deposition system (20) for coating semiconductor material on glass sheets is performed by conveying the glass sheets vertically suspended at upper extremities thereof by a pair of conveyors (38) through a housing (22) including a vacuum chamber (24). The glass sheets are conveyed on shuttles (42) through an entry load station (26) into the housing vacuum chamber (24), through a heating station (30) and at least one semiconductor deposition station (32, 34) in the housing (22), and to a cooling station (36) prior to exiting of the system through an exit load lock station (28). The semiconductor deposition station construction includes a deposition module (102) and a radiant heater (104) between which the vertical glass sheets are conveyed for the semiconductor deposition.

A substrate processing apparatus including a plurality of processing devices each of which processes a substrate is provided. The apparatus comprises a conveying device including a conveyance path and conveys, to one of the plurality of processing devices, a substrate conveyed into one end of the conveyance path from an outside of the substrate processing apparatus, and an adjusting device configured to perform adjustment of a pre-alignment state of the substrate conveyed from the one end and to be conveyed into one of the plurality of processing devices, wherein the adjusting device is arranged on the conveyance path and between a processing devices of the plurality of processing devices, farthest from the one end, and a processing device, of the plurality of processing devices, closest to the one end.

A substrate transfer device and method as well as a photolithography apparatus are disclosed. The device includes a motion platform and a plurality of transfer stages which are arranged side-by-side along a first direction are configured to transfer substrates in a second direction that is perpendicular to the first direction. The motion platform includes a base table and a plurality of motion tables in movable connection with the base table. Each of the transfer stages is connected to, and movable in the first direction with, a corresponding one of the motion tables. A pre-alignment assembly for pre-alignment and positional adjustments of the substrates is provided on the motion platform and on the transfer stages. When one of the transfer stages is unloading a first substrate, another one of the transfer stages receives a second substrate and effectuates its first- and second-directional pre-alignment with the aid of the pre-alignment assembly.