Methods and apparatus for a frequency selective limiter (FSL) having a magnetic material substrate that tapers in thickness and supports a transmission line that has segments and bends. The segments, which differ in width and are substantially parallel to each other, such that each segment traverses the substrate on a constant thickness of the substrate.

A transmission line. The transmission line includes a reference electrode. The transmission line also includes a stripline. The stripline meanders within a plane. The stripline has a non-planar profile when viewed along a direction parallel to the plane.

A waveguide structure includes at least one transmission line and at least one conductive pattern layer. At least a portion of the transmission line and at least a portion of the conductive pattern layer overlap each other as observed from a surface side of the conductive pattern layer. A surface electrical resistance value of the conductive pattern layer is in a range of 0.005 Ω/□ to 30 Ω/□.

The present disclosure provides a signal conditioner, an antenna device and a manufacturing method. The signal conditioner includes: a microstrip line including a first portion and a second portion; an insulating layer including a first insulating layer covering the first portion; at least one electrode; a liquid crystal layer covering the microstrip line, the insulating layer, and the at least one electrode; and a common electrode line. A first end of the first portion is connected to a first end of the second portion. A second end of the first portion is connected to a second end of the second portion. The at least one electrode includes a first electrode on a side of the first insulating layer facing away from the first portion. The common electrode line is on a side of the liquid crystal layer facing away from the microstrip line.

Provided is a divider capable of accurately evaluating an object to be measured without being affected by impedance of a terminal to be measured of the object to be measured, and a signal generation system. There is provided a divider including an input terminal, a plurality of output terminals, a distribution unit that distributes a high frequency signal input to the input terminal and outputs signals obtained by the distribution, and a plurality of reflected wave blocking units that are respectively connected to a plurality of distribution unit outputs and attenuate reflected waves reflected by sides of the plurality of output terminals. The distribution unit includes the plurality of distribution unit outputs and outputs the high frequency signal distributed from the plurality of distribution unit outputs. Outputs from the plurality of reflected wave blocking units are output from the plurality of output terminals.

Designs and methodologies related to attenuators having a thin-film resistor assembly are disclosed. In some embodiments, the thin-film assembly can include a first and second thin-film resistor, each having a main portion with an input end and an output end. The input end of the first thin-film resistor is interconnected to the input end of the second thin-film resistors, and the output end of the first thin-film resistor is interconnected to the output end of the second thin-film resistor. The first and second thin-film resistors are disposed relative to one another so as to define a separation. The separation region reduces the likelihood of hot spot regions forming at or near the center of the thin-film structure and improves power handling capability for a given resistor width. Also disclosed are examples of how the foregoing features can be implemented in different products and methods of fabrication.

An attenuator comprising a first thermal reservoir and a first metal layer located on top of the first thermal reservoir. A first dielectric layer located on top of the first metal layer and a resistor located on top the first dielectric layer. A second dielectric layer located on top of the resistor and a second metal layer located on top of the second dielectric layer. A second thermal reservoir located on top the third metal layer and wherein the resistor is split or perforated by a thermal shunt, wherein the thermal shunt includes a thermal column that directs the heat generated by the resistor vertically upwards or downwards into the first and second thermal reservoirs, respectively.

A phase shifter (100) with controllable attenuation and a method for controlling the phase shifter is disclosed, the phase shifter (100) comprising a plurality of transmission line segments (120, 220) coupled in series, wherein each said transmission line segment (120, 220) comprises an attenuation circuit (130, 230), selectively couplable between a signal line (126, 222) of the transmission line segment (120, 220) and ground to selectively attenuate a signal propagating through the transmission line segment (120, 220). Each transmission line segment (120, 220) is switchable between a first configuration providing a first phase shift for a signal propagating through the transmission line segment (120, 220) and a second configuration providing a second phase shift, greater than said first phase shift, for a signal propagating through the transmission line segment (120, 220).

A time and frequency domain signal conditioning device including one or more signal terminals, one or more rails, and a passive signal conditioning means for reducing a switching noise jitter signature present in an output signal of a feedback control loop circuitry with a plurality of noise carrying jittering ramps is disclosed. The passive signal conditioning means including the rails is characterized by a set of specified characteristics to condition pre-existing noise amplitude and slopes of the output signal such that the conditioned output signal cooperates with the feedback control loop circuitry. As a consequence the switching noise jitter signature which is produced by transient noise displacement or noise perturbation in the time domain when the output signal jitters can be reduced in the output of the feedback control loop circuitry.

An apparatus includes a directional coupler and an absorptive low pass filter, in which the directional coupler has a first transmission line extending from a first port to a second port and a second transmission line extending from a third port to a fourth port, the first transmission line and the second transmission line configured such that a portion of a signal travelling from the first port onto the first transmission line is coupled to the second transmission line and towards the third port. The second port is connected to the fourth port of the directional coupler via the absorptive low pass filter. When the signal is input into the first port of the directional coupler and output through the third port of the directional coupler, the signal is substantially unattenuated if the frequency of the signal is in a passband of the absorptive low pass filter.