A circuit apparatus includes an oscillation circuit that generates an oscillation signal, a first buffer circuit that outputs a first clock signal based on the oscillation signal, a second buffer circuit that outputs a second clock signal based on the first clock signal, a first terminal electrically couplable to a first node via which the first buffer circuit outputs the first clock signal, and a second terminal electrically coupled to a second node via which the second buffer circuit outputs the second clock signal, and the rise period of the first clock signal is shorter than the rise period of the second clock signal.

The present disclosure provides a super-regenerative transceiver with a feedback element having a controllable gain. The super-regenerative transceiver utilizes the controllable gain to improve RF signal data sensitivity and improve RF signal data capture rates. Super-regenerative transceivers described herein permit signal data capture over a broad range of frequencies and for a range of communication protocols. Super-regenerative transceivers described herein are tunable, consume very little power for operation and maintenance, and permit long term operation even when powered by very small power sources (e.g., coin batteries).

A crystal oscillator device is disclosed. The crystal oscillator device includes: a crystal oscillator including a casing, a crystal piece, a pair of excitation electrodes configured to excite a main vibration, and a pair of sub vibration electrodes configured to excite a sub-vibration; and an alarm generator configured to generate an alarm based on a signal whose amplitude is equal to or less than a reference value, the signal being generated in the sub vibration electrodes.

There is configured an oscillator characterized by including an outer package having a housing space, an inner package housed in the housing space, a resonator element housed in the inner package, a heater element housed in the housing space, and fixed to the inner package, an oscillation circuit configured to oscillate the resonator element, a conducting member configured to electrically couple the inner package and the heater element to each other, and a first bonding wire configured to couple the heater element and the outer package to each other, and configured to electrically couple the conducting member and the outer package to each other.

A vibration device includes a base including a semiconductor substrate and through electrodes that pass through the portion between first and second surfaces of the semiconductor substrate, and a vibrator fixed to the first surface via an electrically conductive joining member. The following components are placed at the second surface: an oscillation circuit that is electrically coupled to the vibrator via the through electrodes and generates an oscillation signal by causing the vibrator to oscillate, a temperature sensor circuit, a temperature compensation circuit that performs temperature compensation on the oscillation signal, and an output buffer circuit that outputs a clock signal based on the oscillation signal. Dsx1<Dbx1, a distance between the output buffer circuit and one of the through electrodes is Dbx1, a distance between the temperature sensor circuit and the other through electrode is Dsx1.

An oscillator includes: an outer package; an inner package accommodated in the outer package and fixed to the outer package via a heat insulating member; a vibration element accommodated in the inner package; a temperature sensor; a first circuit element accommodated in the inner package and including an oscillation circuit configured to oscillate the vibration element and generate a temperature-compensated oscillation signal based on the temperature sensor; and a second circuit element fixed to the outer package and including a frequency control circuit configured to control a frequency of the oscillation signal.

A crystal oscillator and a startup method for initiating operation of a crystal oscillator, the crystal oscillator includes an oscillator structure including a crystal resonator and an electronic oscillator circuit connected to the crystal resonator, the oscillator structure having a first terminal and a second terminal, a startup controller operable to initiate an oscillation in the oscillator structure by exciting the oscillator structure with a sequence of excitation signals derivable from a clock signal and when triggered by a timing signal, the sequence of excitation signals includes at least a first excitation signal and a second excitation signal, a comparator including a first and a second input terminal and an output terminal, the first input terminal being connected to the first terminal and wherein the second input terminal is connected to the second terminal.

The invention provides a method for calibrating crystal frequency offset through an internal loop of a central processing unit (CPU), which comprises: outputting an oscillation exciting signal to a crystal circuit by the CPU; producing a clock signal by the crystal circuit; outputting the clock signal through an output port arranged on the CPU by the internal loop; and adopting and connecting a frequency meter to the output port, and receiving and testing the clock signal to obtain a testing result; determining whether a deviation of the clock signal is qualified; if it is qualified, the tester exits subsequently, otherwise the tester regulates the crystal circuit, and then turning to Step S4. The clock signal of the CPU is output at the output port through the internal loop, and then the frequency meter is used for measuring the clock without being influenced by a probe, and the measurement is more accurate.

A vibration device includes a base including a semiconductor substrate and through electrodes that pass through the portion between first and second surfaces of the semiconductor substrate, and a vibrator fixed to the first surface via an electrically conductive joining member. The following components are placed at the second surface: an oscillation circuit that is electrically coupled to the vibrator via the through electrodes and generates an oscillation signal by causing the vibrator to oscillate, a temperature sensor circuit, a temperature compensation circuit that performs temperature compensation on the oscillation signal, and an output buffer circuit that outputs a clock signal based on the oscillation signal. Dsx1<Dbx1, a distance between the output buffer circuit and one of the through electrodes is Dbx1, a distance between the temperature sensor circuit and the other through electrode is Dsx1.

There is configured an oscillator characterized by including an outer package having a housing space, an inner package housed in the housing space, a resonator element housed in the inner package, a heater element housed in the housing space, and fixed to the inner package, an oscillation circuit configured to oscillate the resonator element, a conducting member configured to electrically couple the inner package and the heater element to each other, and a first bonding wire configured to couple the heater element and the outer package to each other, and configured to electrically couple the conducting member and the outer package to each other.