Various implementations described herein are directed to a device with a voltage-controlled oscillator that receives an enable signal, receives a reset signal, and provides internal pulse signals including one or more coarse internal pulse signals and multiple fine internal pulse signals. The device may have a coarse sampler that receives the one or more coarse internal pulse signal and provides a coarse sampled output signal. The device may have a fine sampler that receives the multiple fine internal pulse signals and provides a fine sampled output signal.

Various implementations described herein are directed to a device with a voltage-controlled oscillator that receives an enable signal, receives a reset signal, and provides internal pulse signals including one or more coarse internal pulse signals and multiple fine internal pulse signals. The device may have a coarse sampler that receives the one or more coarse internal pulse signal and provides a coarse sampled output signal. The device may have a fine sampler that receives the multiple fine internal pulse signals and provides a fine sampled output signal.

A phase locked loop includes a phase detector outputting a first signal corresponding to a phase difference of a reference frequency signal and a division frequency signal, a charge pump amplifying a first signal to output a second signal, a loop filter filtering the second signal to output a third signal, a voltage-to-current converter receiving the third signal and outputting a fourth signal, a digital-to-analog converter outputting a fifth signal based on the fourth signal and a digital compensation signal, an oscillator outputting an output frequency signal having a frequency corresponding to the fifth signal, a divider dividing the frequency of the output frequency signal to output the division frequency signal and a compensation frequency signal, and an automatic frequency calibrator compensating for the voltage-to-current converter based on a difference between a frequency of the compensation frequency signal and a frequency of a reference frequency signal.

A phase locked loop includes a phase detector outputting a first signal corresponding to a phase difference of a reference frequency signal and a division frequency signal, a charge pump amplifying a first signal to output a second signal, a loop filter filtering the second signal to output a third signal, a voltage-to-current converter receiving the third signal and outputting a fourth signal, a digital-to-analog converter outputting a fifth signal based on the fourth signal and a digital compensation signal, an oscillator outputting an output frequency signal having a frequency corresponding to the fifth signal, a divider dividing the frequency of the output frequency signal to output the division frequency signal and a compensation frequency signal, and an automatic frequency calibrator compensating for the voltage-to-current converter based on a difference between a frequency of the compensation frequency signal and a frequency of a reference frequency signal.

A programmable frequency divider includes a modulus frequency divider, a pulse counter, and a swallow counter. The pulse counter is configured to count an output signal from the modulus frequency divider, and output a frequency division signal, and the swallow counter is configured to count the output signal from the modulus frequency divider and perform resetting on the basis of the frequency division signal from the pulse counter, the programmable frequency divider being configured to control the modulus frequency divider on the basis of a signal from the swallow counter. The programmable frequency divider includes a control signal delay circuit, disposed between an output terminal of the swallow counter and a control terminal of the modulus frequency divider, configured to delay a signal from the swallow counter, and generate a control signal for controlling the modulus frequency divider.

A programmable frequency divider includes a modulus frequency divider, a pulse counter, and a swallow counter. The pulse counter is configured to count an output signal from the modulus frequency divider, and output a frequency division signal, and the swallow counter is configured to count the output signal from the modulus frequency divider and perform resetting on the basis of the frequency division signal from the pulse counter, the programmable frequency divider being configured to control the modulus frequency divider on the basis of a signal from the swallow counter. The programmable frequency divider includes a control signal delay circuit, disposed between an output terminal of the swallow counter and a control terminal of the modulus frequency divider, configured to delay a signal from the swallow counter, and generate a control signal for controlling the modulus frequency divider.

An apparatus comprises a digitally controlled circuit having a variable capacitance and a controller configured to adjust a magnitude of the variable capacitance of the digitally controlled circuit. The digitally controlled circuit comprises a plurality of gain elements, the plurality of gain elements comprising one or more positive voltage-to-frequency gain elements and one or more negative voltage-to-frequency gain elements. The controller is configured to adjust the magnitude of the capacitance by adjusting the gain provided by respective ones of the gain elements in an alternating sequence of the positive voltage-to-frequency gain elements and the negative voltage-to-frequency gain elements.

An apparatus comprises a digitally controlled circuit having a variable capacitance and a controller configured to adjust a magnitude of the variable capacitance of the digitally controlled circuit. The digitally controlled circuit comprises a plurality of gain elements, the plurality of gain elements comprising one or more positive voltage-to-frequency gain elements and one or more negative voltage-to-frequency gain elements. The controller is configured to adjust the magnitude of the capacitance by adjusting the gain provided by respective ones of the gain elements in an alternating sequence of the positive voltage-to-frequency gain elements and the negative voltage-to-frequency gain elements.

A pulse signal generation circuit includes a clock frequency division component, a time delay component and a selection component. The clock frequency division component is configured to perform frequency division on a clock signal to generate a clock frequency division signal; the time delay component is configured to generate a time delay signal based on the clock frequency division signal; and the selection component is configured to receive the clock frequency division signal and the time delay signal at the same time, and select the clock frequency division signal and the time delay signal according to a preset condition to generate a pulse signal.

A pulse signal generation circuit includes a clock frequency division component, a time delay component and a selection component. The clock frequency division component is configured to perform frequency division on a clock signal to generate a clock frequency division signal; the time delay component is configured to generate a time delay signal based on the clock frequency division signal; and the selection component is configured to receive the clock frequency division signal and the time delay signal at the same time, and select the clock frequency division signal and the time delay signal according to a preset condition to generate a pulse signal.