A sigma-delta ADC is described including a passive filter with an input coupled to the ADC input and a filter output. A gain stage has an input connected to the filter output. A quantiser has an input connected to the gain stage output and a quantiser output. The passive filter includes a first filter resistor between the filter input and the filter output and a filter capacitor having first terminal coupled to the filter output. A feedback resistor is coupled between the quantiser output and the filter output and receives a negative of the value of the output to provide negative feedback to the filter output. The gain stage has a capacitor and resistor in series, and a gain element connected to the gain stage input and an output connected to the gain stage output. One terminal of the gain stage capacitor is connected to the gain element output.

A method comprising activating an internal switch within a packaged electronic device to connect to a reference ground of an internal voltage source to a first input of an analog front end, receiving an external ground potential voltage at a first package pin of the packaged electronic device, generating a zero detector output signal for the packaged electronic device at a second package pin, activating the internal switch to connect the first input of the analog front end to the internal voltage source, receiving a second voltage level at the first package pin that generates a second output signal that matches the zero detector output signal, and receiving trim instructions to trim an internal voltage generated by the internal voltage source to a voltage level that is closer to a target voltage level.

The present invention relates to a sigma-delta analogue-to-digital converter. The sigma-delta analogue-to-digital converter comprises a transconductance stage having first, second and third terminals. A capacitor is connected in parallel at the third terminal. Further, the sigma-delta analogue-to-digital converter comprises a quantiser at the third terminal of the transconductance stage with feedback by a voltage digital-to-analogue converter for feeding back a feedback signal to one of the terminals of the transconductance stage.

A circuitry for an incremental delta-sigma modulator includes at least an incremental delta-sigma modulator and a sample-and-hold element, the sample-and-hold element being arranged in front of the incremental delta-sigma modulator and providing an input voltage for the incremental delta-sigma modulator in the charged state, wherein the sample-and-hold element includes a capacitor for charging the input voltage for the incremental delta-sigma modulator, wherein a first switch is arranged in front of the capacitor, and a second switch is arranged behind the capacitor, wherein the first switch is open when the second switch is closed so as to provide, at the incremental delta-sigma modulator, an input voltage decreasing in amount, in particular a decaying input voltage, or wherein the second switch is open when the first switch is closed so as to charge the capacitor of the sample-and-hold element. In addition, a method of operating a circuitry for an incremental delta-sigma modulator is proposed.

A circuit includes an operational amplifier and a resistor network coupled to an output of the operational amplifier. The resistor network includes a first set of resistors coupled between the output of the operational amplifier and a first node of the resistor network, wherein the resistors of the first set are electrically connected in series with each other, a second set of resistors coupled between the first node and a second node of the resistor network, wherein the resistors of the second set are electrically connected in series with each other and include a first number of resistors, a third set of resistors coupled between the second node and a third node of the resistor network, wherein the third node is coupled to a first voltage, and wherein the resistors of the third set are electrically connected in parallel with each other and include a second number of resistors, and a resistor coupled between the first node and the second node and arranged in parallel with the second set of resistors.

A sigma-delta ADC comprising: a first-input-terminal configured to receive a first-high-voltage-analogue-input-signal; a second-input-terminal configured to receive a second-high-voltage-analogue-input-signal; an output-terminal configured to provide an output-digital-signal, wherein the output-digital-signal is representative of the difference between the first-high-voltage-analogue-input-signal and the second-high-voltage-analogue-input-signal. The sigma-delta ADC also includes a feedback-current-block, which comprises: a first-feedback-transistor having a conduction channel; a second-feedback-transistor having a conduction channel; a first-feedback-switch; a second-feedback-switch; a first-feedback-current-source; and a second-feedback-current-source.

A system and method is provided for measuring a voltage drop at a node. In embodiments, a circuit includes an analog-to-digital converter, a current sink, and a controller. The input of the analog-to-digital converter and the input of the current sink is coupled to the node to be measured. A set point for the current sink is determined. The output of the analog-to-digital converter during the voltage drop is sampled. And a relative voltage drop value is computed by subtracting the sampled output of the analog-to-digital converter during the voltage drop from a sampled output of the analog-to-digital converter during a steady-state condition. The current sink operating at the set point during the steady-state condition and during the voltage drop.

During a sampling phase, an analog front end circuit connects input of a first sampling capacitor to an analog input signal and input of a second sampling capacitor to a reference signal, and connects first and second hold capacitors to ground. During a partial tracking phase, input of the first sampling capacitor is connected to the reference voltage and the input of the second sampling capacitor is connected to the analog input signal. The first hold capacitor is connected to a first output of a gain amplifier and the second hold capacitor to a second output of the gain amplifier. Output of the first sampling capacitor is coupled to a first input of an amplifier and output of the second sampling capacitor is coupled to a second input of the amplifier.

A circuit includes an operational amplifier and a resistor network coupled to an output of the operational amplifier. The resistor network includes a first set of resistors coupled between the output of the operational amplifier and a first node of the resistor network, wherein the resistors of the first set are electrically connected in series with each other, a second set of resistors coupled between the first node and a second node of the resistor network, wherein the resistors of the second set are electrically connected in series with each other and include a first number of resistors, a third set of resistors coupled between the second node and a third node of the resistor network, wherein the third node is coupled to a first voltage, and wherein the resistors of the third set are electrically connected in parallel with each other and include a second number of resistors, and a resistor coupled between the first node and the second node and arranged in parallel with the second set of resistors.

A photoelectric conversion apparatus includes a light receiving circuit configured to convert light into an electrical signal, a readout circuit configured to read out an analog signal corresponding to the electrical signal, a ΔΣ A/D converter configured to convert the analog signal into a digital signal, and a control circuit configured to change a gain of the photoelectric conversion apparatus in accordance with a change of a driving mode of the photoelectric conversion apparatus. The analog signal read out by the readout circuit is an analog current signal. The readout circuit includes a variable resistor on a signal path for supplying the analog current signal to the ΔΣ A/D converter. The control circuit changes the gain of the photoelectric conversion apparatus by changing a resistance value of the variable resistor.