Provided is a substrate working machine including a holding device configured to hold a substrate in which multiple through-holes are formed, an inserting device configured to insert multiple terminals of a component into the multiple through-holes of the substrate held by the holding device, and an imaging device configured to simultaneously image a shape of a pair of pins and a pair of through-holes of the multiple through-holes, in which positions of the pair of through-holes and the shape of the pair of pins are calculated based on image data captured by the imaging device.