The present disclosure provides antibodies that bind the surface of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts, methods for using such antibodies and kits and devices for practicing such methods. Such antibodies, methods, kits and devices find use in detection of T. gondii oocysts and the isolation of such oocysts from samples including environmental samples, food-based samples, diagnostic samples, and the like.

The invention relates to a relates to a highly sensitive, non-invasive diagnostic method for detection infectious diseases. In one embodiment, the invention relates to novel rapid, self-working, visual field test for a panel of disease specific derived biomarkers. In one embodiment, the invention comprises a collecting device comprising a collapsible non hygroscopic net tethered with immobilized nanoparticles to capture and concentrate a target analyte present in a fluid; wherein the nanoparticle comprises a core and a shell, wherein the core comprises a molecular bait. The invention also relates to identification of biomarkers for identification of various pathogenic diseases.

Provided herein are Purine Compounds of Formula (I) ##STR00001## or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, tautomers, isotopologs, or stereoisomers thereof, wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are as defined herein, compositions comprising an effective amount of a Purine Compound, and methods for treating or preventing malaria comprising the administration of an effective amount of a Purine Compound.

Provided herein are Aminopurine compounds of Formula I: ##STR00001## or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, tautomers, isotopologues, or stereoisomers thereof, wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are as defined herein, compositions comprising an effective amount of an Aminopurine Compound, and methods for treating or preventing animal and human protozoal infections.

A method of generating an antibody and cellular immune response against a Plasmodium in a primate, comprising administering at least 10.sup.3 genetically modified live Plasmodium to the primate, wherein the genetically modified live Plasmodium is a species selected from Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale, Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium knowlesi, Plasmodium coatneyi, Plasmodium cynomolgi, and Plasmodium simium, and wherein the genetically modified live Plasmodium does not produce functional histamine releasing factor (HRF) protein, to thereby induce an antibody and cellular immune response against the Plasmodium in the primate. In some embodiments at least 10.sup.4 genetically modified live Plasmodium is administered to the primate. An immunogenic composition for administration to a primate, comprising a at least 10.sup.3 genetically modified live Plasmodium wherein the genetically modified live Plasmodium is a species selected from Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale, Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium knowlesi, Plasmodium coatneyi, Plasmodium cynomolgi, and Plasmodium simium, and wherein the genetically modified live Plasmodium does not produce functional histamine releasing factor (HRF) protein; and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and/or support. In some embodiments the immunogenic composition comprises at least 10.sup.3 genetically modified live Plasmodium.

We have developed a modified indirect ELISA (MI-ELISA) using the spherical body protein-4 (SBP4) of Babesia bovis to detect antibody against diverse isolates through all infection stages in cattle. This SBP4 MI-ELISA was evaluated for sensitivity and specificity against field sera and sera from cattle infected experimentally with various doses and isolates as well as in detecting acute and persistent infection. The diagnostic specificity of the SBP4 MI-ELISA using IFA-negative sera was 100%, significantly higher than the RAP-1 cELISA (90.4%); the diagnostic sensitivity of the SBP4 MI-ELISA was 98.7% using the IFA-positive sera, in contrast to that of the RAP-1 cELISA at 60%. Results demonstrate excellent diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the novel SBP4 MI-ELISA for cattle with acute and long-term carrier infections. Use of the SBP4 MI-ELISA assay in countries that have B. bovis-endemic herds will be pivotal in preventing the spread of this disease to non-endemic herds.

The present invention relates to the field of malaria. More specifically, the present invention provides methods and compositions useful for rapidly testing for malaria infection. In one embodiment, a method for identifying the malaria parasite Plasmodium in a human subject comprises the steps of (a) incubating a saliva sample obtained from the subject with an antibody that specifically binds PSSP17, wherein the presence of PSSP17 creates one or more antibody: PSSP17 complexes; (b) applying a detection agent that detects the antibody-PSSP17 complexes; and (c) identifying the subject as having the malaria parasite Plasmodium where the antibody-PSSP17 complexes are detected.

The present invention provides compositions and methods that can be used to determine a peptide signature for an antibody repertoire in a sample comprising multiple antibodies. The method can be used to characterize a phenotype in a sample, such as providing a diagnosis, prognosis or theranosis of a medical condition.

Certain embodiments are directed to method for synthesizing and using glycoconjugates on the immunodominant epitope Gal(1,3)Gal(3(1,4)GlcNAc (Gal3LN).

Methods for using focused light scattering techniques for the optical sensing of biological particles suspended in a liquid medium are disclosed. The optical sensing enables one to characterize particles size and/or distribution in a given sample. This, in turn, allows one to identify the biological particles, determine their relative particle density, detect particle shedding, and identify particle aggregation. The methods are also useful in screening and optimizing drug candidates, evaluating the efficacy and dosage levels of such drugs, and in personalized medicine applications.