Methods and techniques are described for analyzing test fluids to determine presence, absence, or concentration of analytes in the test fluids. The methods may correspond to diagnostic testing, such as quickly (within 5 minutes) identifying whether or not an individual may have a particular disease or condition, such as infection by SARS-CoV-2 or a SARS-CoV-2 variant or vaccine-induced immunity or natural immunity to infection by SARS-CoV-2 or a SARS-CoV-2 variant, or whether an individual would benefit from a vaccine booster. The test results can be used for a variety of applications including facilitating or controlling access at events, venues, or transportation systems, or generating exposure notifications.

Methods and devices for quantifying creatinine in a test sample are provided. The test sample is contacted with a sensing composition to obtain a product comprising a hydantoin-transition metal complex and ammonia. The sensing composition comprises creatinine deaminase and a transition metal salt. The creatinine deaminase enzymatically reacts with creatinine to provide the N-methyl hydantoin and ammonia. The N-methyl hydantoin forms the hydantoin-transition metal complex with the transition salt. A potential difference is applied to the product to measure a current signal provided by the hydantoin-transition metal complex. Concentration of N-methyl hydantoin is obtained based on the measured current signal using a calibration equation. The concentration of N-methyl hydantoin is correlated with concentration of creatinine to quantify the creatinine in the test sample.

The invention disclosed herein relates to a dry sensor for measuring the concentration of an analyte in a liquid beverage sample. Described herein is a novel dry sensor which is able to receive a liquid sample and adjust the pH of the liquid to be suitable for assaying an analyte of interest without the need to add reagents to the sample and/or to perform manually timed operations and able to detect a redox reaction in the presence of a liquid sample. The meter disclosed herein, when connected to the sensor disclosed herein is able to adjust the temperature of the liquid to be suitable for the assay, apply a series of potentials, measure the current at several times, measure the diffusion coefficient of the limiting electrochemical species, calculate the concentration of one or more analytes, and rapidly provide the user with the required information on the liquid sample.

A biosensor for the rapid, inexpensive, quantitative, and convenient detection of SARS-CoV-2 biomarkers, methods of manufacturing, and methods of using the same, to identify a patient's prognosis and past/present SARS-CoV-2 infection status, wherein the biosensor comprises a microfluidics layer, a multimodal sensing layer comprising two or more working electrodes, and a logic circuit that may include a processor and non-transitory memory with computer executable instructions embedded thereon.

[Problem] To provide a system for inference of a measurement target dynamic state, the system being capable of providing not only information as to whether a culture solution is aerobic or anaerobic, but also data for determining a culture operation and for optimizing various conditions of the culture solution. [Solution] A system for inference of a measurement target dynamic state, comprising: a reference electrode; a first working electrode; a second working electrode of which at least the material or surface treatment is different from the first working electrode; a third working electrode of which at least the material or surface treatment is different from the first working electrode and the second working electrode; and an information storage unit which receives first potential information relating to the redox potential between the reference electrode and the first working electrode, second potential information relating to the redox potential between the reference electrode and the second working electrode, and third potential information relating to the redox potential between the reference electrode and the third working electrode, and stores information including the first potential information, the second potential information, and the third potential information.

A biosensor pixel for measuring current that flows through the electrode surface in response to electrochemical interactions and a biosensor array architecture that includes such biosensor pixels. The biosensor pixel includes an electrode transducer configured to measure a current generated by electrochemical interactions occurring at a recognition layer placed directly on top of it in response to an electrical voltage placed across an electrode transducer-electrolyte interface. The biosensor pixel further includes a trans-impedance amplifier connected to the electrode transducer, where the trans-impedance amplifier is configured to convert the current into a voltage signal as the electrochemical interactions occur. Additionally, the biosensor pixel includes a 1-bit comparator coupled to the trans-impedance amplifier and a 1-bit digital-to-analog converter coupled to the 1-bit comparator, where the 1-bit digital-to-analog converter injects different levels of charge into an input of the trans-impedance amplifier at each cycle based on an output of the 1-bit comparator.

This invention relates to a handheld mobile device which can analyze and measure whole blood, serum, urine or analytes which contain target agents such as mycotoxin, aflatoxin or cholera etc. with a easy to use reusable cartridge consisting of a cartridge head and cartridge body. The cartridge comprises four syringes, one of which being detachable. A waste reservoir is integrated with the syringes.

A method and a sensor for detecting L-arginine are provided. The method includes synthesizing ferrocene-functionalized hexadecapeptide dithiocyclopentane (FC-P16 Peptide), preparing a polypeptide composite membrane-modified electrode (FC-P16 Peptide/AuE), detecting L-Arg and other steps. The results show that the polypeptide composite membrane-modified electrode (FC-P16 Peptide/AuE) exhibits excellent electrochemical response properties to L-Arg. In 10 mmol/L phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH=7.4), the DPV response peak current of the polypeptide composite membrane-modified electrode has an excellent linear relationship with the L-Arg concentration of 1.0×10.sup.−13 mol/L to 1.0×10.sup.−7 mol/L, with a detection limit of 1.0×10.sup.−13 mol/L. With prominent reproducibility, repeatability and selectivity, the modified electrode has potential application in life science and nutritional health.

An electrochemical method for measuring the activity of biomarkers using microelectrode arrays functionalized with peptide consensus sequences and redox reporter moieties. Contact of the arrays with a biological sample containing one or more target biomarkers results in cleavage of the peptides and changes the electric current across the array in a quantifiable manner indicating not just the presence of the target biomarker in the sample, but its activity.

Analyte sensors and methods for fabricating analyte sensors in a roll-to-roll process are provided. In an exemplary embodiment, a method includes providing a roll of a polyester substrate having a first side coated with a layer of platinum, wherein the platinum is in direct contact with the polyester substrate; patterning the layer of platinum to form electrodes; punching the polyester substrate to form ribbons, wherein each ribbon is connected to a remaining polyester substrate web by a tab, and wherein each sensor includes an electrode; after punching the polyester substrate to form ribbons, depositing an enzyme layer over the portions of the working electrodes and coating the working electrodes with a glucose limiting membrane; after depositing the enzyme layer over the portions of the working electrodes and coating the working electrodes with a glucose limiting membrane, singulating the individual sensors by completely separating each individual sensor from the polyester substrate.