A determining tool for use in determining the shape of the tip end of a machining tool that machines a workpiece held on a table while the machining tool moves relatively to the table includes a bottom surface adapted to be held on the table and a flat slanting surface inclined to the bottom surface and oriented across a direction in which the machining tool moves relatively to the table, the flat slanting surface being adapted to be cut through by the tip end of the machining tool.

The self-propelled construction machine according to the invention, in particular road-milling machine, recycler, stabiliser or surface miner, comprises a machine frame 2, which is supported by a chassis 1, which has wheels or tracks 1A, 1B. A milling drum 4 is arranged on the machine frame. The wheels or tracks 1A, 1B and the milling drum 4 are driven by a drive unit 8. Furthermore, the construction machine comprises a control unit 19 for controlling the drive unit 8 and a signal-receiving unit 18 for detecting at least one measurement variable M(t) which is characteristic of an operating state of the milling drum 4. The construction machine is characterised in that the rotational speed of the milling drum 4 is adapted, on the basis of at least one measurement variable M(t) which is characteristic of a critical operating state of the milling drum, to the operating conditions of the construction machine in such a way that the milling drum is operated in a non-critical operating state. The adaptive open-loop control of the milling drum rotational speed allows the construction machine to be operated at an optimum operating point with respect to the milling drum rotational speed.

The self-propelled construction machine according to the invention, in particular road-milling machine, recycler, stabiliser or surface miner, comprises a machine frame 2, which is supported by a chassis 1, which has wheels or tracks 1A, 1B. A milling drum 4 is arranged on the machine frame. The wheels or tracks 1A, 1B and the milling drum 4 are driven by a drive unit 8. Furthermore, the construction machine comprises a control unit 19 for controlling the drive unit 8 and a signal-receiving unit 18 for detecting at least one measurement variable M(t) which is characteristic of an operating state of the milling drum 4. The construction machine is characterised in that the rotational speed of the milling drum 4 is adapted, on the basis of at least one measurement variable M(t) which is characteristic of a critical operating state of the milling drum, to the operating conditions of the construction machine in such a way that the milling drum is operated in a non-critical operating state. The adaptive open-loop control of the milling drum rotational speed allows the construction machine to be operated at an optimum operating point with respect to the milling drum rotational speed.

A method for monitoring machining processes in workpiece processing including steps of planning a processing process on the basis of a predetermined final shape of a workpiece to be achieved in the processing process and of quality features of the final shape of the workpiece and simulating the planned processing process in a computer-aided simulation. Target values of parameters of the simulated processing process occurring during the simulated processing process are detected and stored in the context of the computer-aided simulation. During the real processing process carried out according to the planned and simulated processing process, the parameters considered in the simulation are monitored and the actual values thereof are detected. By comparing actual values of parameters detected during the real processing process with the target values of these parameters detected during the simulation, the quality of the processing process and/or of the processed workpiece is assessed.

Utility knife with a replaceable blade and a system and method for determining the End of Life of the blade comprising one or more sensors for detecting blade use, a communication unit adapted to establish a wireless connection to a computer cloud network and to send and receive information via wireless transmission to be stored and processed by a control system with a control CPU and a control memory, the information being a series of values recorded by said sensor by time, stored in the control memory as data sets using machine learning or artificial intelligence for determining common or similar values of recorded parameters in the stored data sets or of values calculated from these parameters according to a predefined logic, for use as reference values indicating the End of Life of the blade.

A method to ascertain a quality of a product formed by a subtractive manufacturing device from a workpiece includes: determining a deflection/test force relation for a deflection of the device; measuring an actually exerted machining force applied by the device to the workpiece; automatically determining a machining force reference for the actually exerted machining force; automatically evaluating whether the actually exerted machining force deviates from the machining force reference. If an actually exerted machining force deviates from the machining force reference, then the method uses the deflection/test force relation to automatically determine for the actually exerted machining force, at least one correction deflection of the device and automatically creating at least one corrected drive control signal to fully or partially reduce the correction deflection.

Strain sensors are attached to a workpiece, and resistance values of the strain sensors are measured with time while cutting the workpiece with a milling cutting machine. A power spectrum in a frequency domain is obtained by Fourier-transforming the resistance values measured with time. A power peak is found in the power spectrum to be outputted as a magnitude of vibration occurring during machining the workpiece. By attaching a strain sensor to a stamper of a plastic working machine, a resistance value of the strain sensor is measured while pressing a workpiece on a die with the stamper. A magnitude of the strain corresponding to the measured resistance value is used to obtain a corresponding plastic working force. By attaching the strain sensor directly to the workpiece, it is possible to monitor the state of the plastic working and/or cutting process of the workpiece with high precision at low cost.

The self-propelled construction machine according to the invention, in particular road-milling machine, recycler, stabiliser or surface miner, comprises a machine frame 2, which is supported by a chassis 1, which has wheels or tracks 1A, 1B. A milling drum 4 is arranged on the machine frame. The wheels or tracks 1A, 1B and the milling drum 4 are driven by a drive unit 8. Furthermore, the construction machine comprises a control unit 19 for controlling the drive unit 8 and a signal-receiving unit 18 for detecting at least one measurement variable M(t) which is characteristic of an operating state of the milling drum 4. The construction machine is characterised in that the rotational speed of the milling drum 4 is adapted, on the basis of at least one measurement variable M(t) which is characteristic of a critical operating state of the milling drum, to the operating conditions of the construction machine in such a way that the milling drum is operated in a non-critical operating state. The adaptive open-loop control of the milling drum rotational speed allows the construction machine to be operated at an optimum operating point with respect to the milling drum rotational speed.

Utility knife with a replaceable blade and a system and method for determining the End of Life of the blade comprising one or more sensors for detecting blade use, a communication unit adapted to establish a wireless connection to a computer cloud network and to send and receive information via wireless transmission to be stored and processed by a control system with a control CPU and a control memory, the information being a series of values recorded by said sensor by time, stored in the control memory as data sets using machine learning or artificial intelligence for determining common or similar values of recorded parameters in the stored data sets or of values calculated from these parameters according to a predefined logic, for use as reference values indicating the End of Life of the blade.

The self-propelled construction machine, in particular road-milling machine, recycler, stabiliser or surface miner, comprises a machine frame 2, which is supported by a chassis 1, which has wheels or tracks 1A, 1B. A milling drum 4 is arranged on the machine frame. The wheels or tracks 1A, 1B and the milling drum 4 are driven by a drive unit 8. Furthermore, the construction machine comprises a control unit 19 for controlling the drive unit 8 and a signal-receiving unit 18 for detecting at least one measurement variable M(t) which is characteristic of an operating state of the milling drum 4. The construction machine is characterised in that the rotational speed of the milling drum 4 is adapted, on the basis of at least one measurement variable M(t) which is characteristic of a critical operating state of the milling drum, to the operating conditions of the construction machine in such a way that the milling drum is operated in a non-critical operating state. The adaptive open-loop control of the milling drum rotational speed allows the construction machine to be operated at an optimum operating point with respect to the milling drum rotational speed.