The invention relates to a method and a device for determining particulate emissions in the driving operation of a vehicle, in particular of a motor vehicle. According to the invention, provision is made that the device has a sensor system and a control unit and that in driving operation the sensor system and the control unit jointly undertake the function of particulate matter sensors. Here, the sensor system senses driving operation values on the vehicle. From the sensed driving operation values and by means of correlations of driving operation values with particulate matter values determined and stored in advance in the control unit, the control unit estimates the particulate emissions from tyre abrasion of the vehicle. Finally, the invention relates to a vehicle with the device according to the invention.

An air filtration system for an operator environment of an agricultural vehicle including at least one external inlet, a first filtration device having a coarser level of filtration located between the external inlet and an HVAC system, a second filtration device having a second finer level of filtration and an associated blower located between the external inlet and the HVAC system where the air filtration system selectively connects either the first filtration device to the HVAC system blower or the second filtration device and its associated blower to the HVAC system blower and a bypass permanently connects the HVAC system blower and the second filtration device.

An in-car air pollution prevention system is disclosed and includes plural gas detection modules and a gas conditioning device. The in-car gas detection modules and the out-car gas detection modules are provided for detecting the external gas and the air pollution source and transmitting the gas detection data respectively. A plurality of filtering and purification components are disposed within the gas conditioning device for filtering the external gas and the air pollution source. After the control drive unit compares the gas detection data, the gas conditioning device intelligently select and control the introduction or not introduction of the external gas. The plurality of in-car gas detection modules control the enablement of the gas guider of the gas conditioning device under a monitoring mechanism state. Whereby the gas pollution source in the interior space of the car is filtered through the filtering and purification component, and the gas pollution source is filtered and/or exchanged to generate clean air.

A method for operating an air-conditioning system that carries out an air quality testing cycle is disclosed. The air quality testing cycle includes: Step A: testing if the current pollutant concentration is below a predetermined first pollutant limit value; Step B: in the event that it is determined in the Step A that the current pollutant concentration is below the first pollutant limit value, testing if the bypass device is completely open or if the current flow rate of the blower device corresponds to a current air volume demand of the air-conditioning system; Step D: in the event that it is determined in the Step B that the bypass device is not completely opened or that the current flow rate does not correspond to the current air volume demand, testing current pollutant concentration is below a predetermined second pollutant limit value that is smaller than the first pollutant limit value.

A smart multi-modal vehicular air filtration management system including a first filter element and a second filter element disposed in a fresh air housing, wherein the fresh air housing has an inlet and an outlet. Additionally, a third filter element is provided which is disposed in a cabin housing, the cabin housing having one or more inlet. A fluid channel arranged between the fresh air and cabin housing. Finally, a diverter is included which is disposed near an outlet of the fresh air housing, wherein the diverter is configured to cause air to flow through the fresh air housing selectively through one or both of the first filter element and the second filter element.

A filter element for filtering a fluid has a frame and at least one filter bellows arranged in the frame and provided with a first areal inflow surface for a first fluid flow and at least one second inflow surface for a second fluid flow separate from the first fluid flow. The second inflow surface is separate from the first areal inflow surface. A flow channel is provided to guide the second fluid flow and has a raw-side flow channel section arranged within the frame. A filter system provided with a filter housing is provided with such a filter element arranged exchangeably in the filter housing between a raw side and a clean side. The filter housing has a first inlet for the first fluid flow communicating with the first inflow surface and at least a second inlet for the second fluid flow communicating with the second inflow surface.

A vehicle system includes: at least one of: a particulate matter sensor configured to measure an amount of particulate within a passenger cabin of a vehicle; and a volatile organic compounds (VOC) sensor configured to measure an amount of VOCs within the passenger cabin of the vehicle; and a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system including a blower; a blower control module configured to: operate the blower in a first direction and blow air into the passenger cabin of the vehicle; and based on at least one of the amount of particulate and the amount of VOCs within the passenger cabin of the vehicle, selectively operate the blower in a second direction that is opposite the first direction, thereby blowing air from within the passenger cabin out through the HVAC system.

A working vehicle includes a cabin and an outside air inlet portion. The working vehicle further includes: a filter device having: a first filter providing a first filtering level; and a second filter providing a second filtering level that is a filtering level higher than the first filtering level; an air conditioning unit to which the outside air having passed through the filter device is supplied; and a filter changing mechanism having: a first state to allow the outside air to pass through only the first filter; and a second state to allow the outside air to pass through at least the second filter among the first filter and the second filter, the filter changing mechanism being configured to be selectively switched to the first state or the second state.

An air treatment apparatus for an operator environment of an agricultural vehicle in which air to be filtered is drawn into an air filtration system, filtered and directed to an agricultural vehicle HVAC system. The air filtration system includes first and second filtration devices having respectively coarser and finer levels of filtration. Each filtration device is provided with a respective bypass permanently connected with an inlet end downstream of a valve mechanism that selects between the filtration devices, and an outlet end upstream of the valve mechanism and adjacent the respective filtration device. In use a portion of air flow downstream of the valve mechanism may be recirculated to purge the respective filtration device, and each bypass includes a respective non-return valve opposing transit of air from the outlet to the inlet ends.

A smart multi-modal vehicular air filtration management system including a first filter element and a second filter element disposed in a fresh air housing, wherein the fresh air housing has an inlet and an outlet. Additionally, a third filter element is provided which is disposed in a cabin housing, the cabin housing having one or more inlet. A fluid channel arranged between the fresh air and cabin housing. Finally, a diverter is included which is disposed near an outlet of the fresh air housing, wherein the diverter is configured to cause air to flow through the fresh air housing selectively through one or both of the first filter element and the second filter element.