A method for producing polysulphane-silanes of formula (I): (R.sup.1).sub.3-mR.sup.2.sub.mSi—R.sup.3—S.sub.x—R.sup.3—SiR.sup.2.sub.m(OR.sup.1).sub.3-m by reacting at least one silane of formula (II): (R.sup.1).sub.3-mR.sup.2.sub.mSi—R.sup.3-Hal with M(SH).sub.y and/or M.sub.zS and sulphur, in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst of formula (III), wherein at least one carrier-vapour distillation and/or ozone treatment is performed during or after the reaction.

The present invention particularly relates to synthesizing photo-initiators having poly-oligo-silsesquioxane (POSS) structure and realizing photo-polymerization by using these photo-initiators and simultaneous and in-situ synthesis of Ag nano-particles in polymer matrix comprising POSS structure and obtaining wrinkled surfaces as a result of self-arranging thereof.

The object is to provide a composition capable of forming a surface layer with excellent abrasion resistance, a substrate with a surface layer, and a method for producing a substrate with a surface layer. It is also an object to provide new compounds and their production methods.

The composition of the invention comprises a first component made of a fluorinated ether compound having a poly(oxyfluoroalkylene) chain and a reactive silyl group, and at least one type of second component selected from compound (A) (R.sup.fa—(OX.sup.a).sub.m1-L.sup.a-CZ.sup.a1═CH.sub.2) and compound (B) (CH.sub.2═CZ.sup.b2-L.sup.b2-(OX.sup.b).sub.m2-L.sup.b1-CZ.sup.b1═CH.sub.2), where R.sup.fa is a fluoroalkyl group, X.sup.a and X.sup.b are fluoroalkylene groups, L.sup.a is a single bond or a divalent linking group (but excluding (OX.sup.a).sub.na), L.sup.b1 and L.sup.b2 are single bonds or divalent linking groups (but excluding (OX.sup.b).sub.nb), Z.sup.a1, Z.sup.b1 and Z.sup.b2 are fluorine atoms or trifluoromethyl groups, and m1 and m2 are integers of 2 or more.

The present invention relates to alkoxysilane-functionalized allophanates, to methods for production thereof, and to the use thereof. In particular, the alkoxysilane-functionalized allophanate includes the reaction product of A) at least one alkoxysilane group-containing monourethane A) of the formula 1

R.sub.n(OR.sup.1).sub.3-nSi—R.sup.2—NH—(C═O)—OR.sup.3   formula 1,

where R, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each independently hydrocarbyl radicals having 1-8 carbon atoms, which may be linear, branched or cyclic, or else may be integrated together to form a cyclic system, and n is 0-2, and B) at least one diisocyanate B), in a molar ratio of A) to B) of 3:1 to 1.5:1.

The invention relates to functionalised dioxaborolane or dioxaborinane derivatives of formula (I), wherein R.sub.1 is covalently bonded to the boron atom by a carbon atom; one of R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R′.sub.3 or R.sub.4 is a radical of formula —X; or one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R′.sub.3 or R.sub.4 is a radical of formula —X; and X is a functionalised radical. The invention relates to the method for preparing same and the uses thereof.

Silylated-pyrimidine prodrugs, compositions that include the silylated-pyrimidine prodrugs, methods for making the silylated-pyrimidine prodrugs and compositions, and methods for treating cancer using the silylated-pyrimidine prodrugs and compositions.

A description is given of a process for preparing 1-indanols and 1-indanamines by palladium-catalyzed arylation and of the use thereof as intermediates for the synthesis of fine chemicals and of active agrochemical ingredients.

A modified opioid is provided comprising modified morphine molecules, wherein for each morphine molecule, one or more carbon atoms are replaced with silicon atoms. A method is further provided for modifying an opioid comprising morphine molecules, said method comprising the step of replacing one or more carbon atoms with silicon atoms.

A process for preparing siloxanes, wherein at least one alkoxy-organosilicon compound selected from compounds of the general formula (I) and/or from compounds of the general formula (II) is/are reacted in the presence of a cationic silicon and/or germanium compound at a temperature of −40 to 250° C.

The invention relates to functionalised dioxaborolane or dioxaborinane derivatives of formula (I), wherein R.sub.1 is covalently bonded to the boron atom by a carbon atom; one of R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R′.sub.3 or R.sub.4 is a radical of formula —X; or one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R′.sub.3 or R.sub.4 is a radical of formula —X; and X is a functionalised radical. The invention relates to the method for preparing same and the uses thereof.