Described herein are two-stage catalytic heating systems and methods of operating thereof. A system comprises a first-stage catalytic reactor and a second-stage catalytic reactor, configured to operate in sequence and at different operating conditions, For example, the first-stage catalytic reactor is supplied with fuel and oxidant at fuel-rich conditions. The first-stage catalytic reactor generates syngas. The syngas is flown into the second-stage catalytic reactor together with some additional oxidant. The second-stage catalytic reactor operates at fuel-lean conditions and generates exhaust. Splitting the overall fuel oxidation process between the two catalytic reactors allows operating these reactors away from the stoichiometric fuel-oxidant ratio and avoiding excessive temperatures in these reactors. As a result, fewer pollutants are generated during the operation of two-stage catalytic heating systems. For example, the temperatures are maintained below 1.000° C. at all oxidation stages.

The present invention relates to a boiler which determines a clogging degree of an exhaust flue through which combustion gas is discharged and adjusts gas supply amount to maintain its combustibility, and a combustion control method thereof, the method of the present invention including a) setting a target heat value for achieving a target temperature, b) applying a first database on the basis of the target heat value, c) measuring a rotational speed of an air blower and a pneumatic pressure of air introduced by rotation of the air blow, d) applying a second database on the basis of a rotational speed difference, a pneumatic pressure difference, and the target heat value to calculate an estimated flue clogging value according to the target heat value, and a) applying a third database according to the estimated flue clogging value to calculate an opening amount of a gas valve and control gas supply amount.

A combustion control system that collects and accumulates, at predetermined intervals, combustion controlling information including at least a signal indicating an operating state of an ignition device, a signal indicating the supplying state of fuel to a pilot burner, a signal indicating the supplying state of fuel to a main burner, a signal indicating the supplying state of air to the main burner, a flame detection signal indicating the strengths of the flames of the burners (the pilot burner and the main burner), and information indicating presence or absence of the flames determined based on the value of the flame detection signal, and displays the combustion controlling information as trend data of combustion control in a graph in such a form that the relationship between time zones of the combustion sequences from the start of a combustion device to normal combustion and the trend data is understandable.

The present invention provides a combustion device. In ON-OFF combustion control processing for intermittently performing the combustion operation of burners (4), a control unit (30) of a combustion device (water heater) (1), which includes the burners (4), a fuel supply unit (5), and a combustion fan (10), controls the fuel supply unit (5) and the combustion fan (10) so as to change the amount of a fuel to be supplied to the burners (4) and the number of rotations of the combustion fan (10) according to a required amount of heat for the temperature control of a target fluid (water for hot water supply) when the burners (4) are ignited to restart a combustion operation after the burners (4) are extinguished.

A method includes processing data associated with operation of equipment in an industrial process to repeatedly (i) identify one or more models that mathematically represent the operation of the equipment using training data and (ii) generate first indicators potentially identifying at least one specified condition of the equipment using evaluation data and the one or more models. The method also includes classifying the first indicators into multiple classes. The multiple classes include true positive indicators and false positive indicators. The true positive indicators identify that the equipment is suffering from the at least one specified condition. The false positive indicators identify that the equipment is not suffering from the at least one specified condition. The method further includes generating a notification indicating that the equipment is suffering from the at least one specified condition in response to one or more first indicators being classified into the class of true positive indicators.

A reactor system for the production and/or treatment of particles in an oscillating process gas stream. The reactor system includes a reactor unit that has an upstream feed unit and a downstream discharge unit and a reactor that includes a multiple burner system that has a combustion chamber, an exhaust gas pipe that follows downstream from the combustion chamber, and a plurality of burners. A part of the burners of the multiple burner systems are suitable for production of the oscillating process gas stream. The burners of the multiple burner system are arranged in the combustion chamber of the reactor unit.

The invention relates to a method for the thermal disposal of pollutants in industrial gases, wherein, in order to generate a flame for burning the pollutants, a fuel gas and oxygen are fed into a combustion chamber (19) of a burner (1), where they are then ignited, wherein a diluent gas is fed in in order to reduce the calorific value of the gas mixture relative to the fuel gas, while the throughput of the diluent gas is regulated as a function of the composition of the industrial gas in order to adapt the gas mixture consisting of diluent gas and fuel gas. The invention also relates to a burner (1) for generating a flame (2) in a combustion chamber (19) for burning pollutants in an industrial gas, and to a waste-gas treatment device having at least one burner (1) arranged in a combustion chamber (19).

A method to determine a reduction rate of a recovery boiler using optical information from a chemical smelt sample. A processor is used to read a digital frame at least part of which represents the chemical smelt sample of the recovery boiler. An area of interest is determined from the digital frame read comprising at least part of the area in the digital frame representing the chemical smelt sample. Of the pixel values of the area of interest, one or more spectral characteristic values correlating with the change of reduction rate are determined. The reduction rate of the recovery boiler is determined using a reduction rate function of one or more of the determined spectral characteristic values weighted at predetermined weights.

A method includes processing data associated with operation of equipment in an industrial process to repeatedly (i) identify one or more models that mathematically represent the operation of the equipment using training data and (ii) generate first indicators potentially identifying at least one specified condition of the equipment using evaluation data and the one or more models. The method also includes classifying the first indicators into multiple classes. The multiple classes include true positive indicators and false positive indicators. The true positive indicators identify that the equipment is suffering from the at least one specified condition. The false positive indicators identify that the equipment is not suffering from the at least one specified condition. The method further includes generating a notification indicating that the equipment is suffering from the at least one specified condition in response to one or more first indicators being classified into the class of true positive indicators.

A furnace includes a controller configured to instruct a blower of the furnace to increase an exhaust flowrate of the furnace, instruct a gas regulation device of the furnace to increase a fuel input rate of the furnace, or both in response to a determination that the fuel input rate is below a threshold fuel input rate for a threshold time period. In some embodiments, the controller is configured to instruct the blower to maintain an increased exhaust flowrate for a flame-stabilizing time period the gas regulation device to maintain an increased fuel input rate for the flame-stabilizing time period, or both.