A rotary encoder is incorporated in an annular space formed between a hollow rotating shaft and an encoder case. The rotary encoder has an annular printed wiring substrate, a plurality of mounting substrates that are outward from the printed wiring substrate in the radial direction and are arranged in the circumferential direction, and inter-substrate wiring cables bridged between the printed wiring substrate and each of the mounting substrates in the radial direction. Power supply to the mounting substrates and signal transmission and reception between the mounting substrates can be accomplished without routing around the wiring cables. It is possible to achieve a rotary encoder that is suitable for being incorporated in a narrow annular space.

A rotary encoder is incorporated in an annular space formed between a hollow rotating shaft and an encoder case. The rotary encoder has an annular printed wiring substrate, a plurality of mounting substrates that are outward from the printed wiring substrate in the radial direction and are arranged in the circumferential direction, and inter-substrate wiring cables bridged between the printed wiring substrate and each of the mounting substrates in the radial direction. Power supply to the mounting substrates and signal transmission and reception between the mounting substrates can be accomplished without routing around the wiring cables. It is possible to achieve a rotary encoder that is suitable for being incorporated in a narrow annular space.

An anti-lock sensor ring may have a flattened exciting portion having a retention mechanism projecting from a ring radial edge. The retention mechanism may have cantilever spring retention clips elastically deformable to snap on a disc brake band retention seat. The mechanism may also have a cantilever support portion disposed side by side to and spaced apart from the cantilever spring retention clips. Each of the cantilever spring retention clips may have a retention surface and the cantilever support portion with a support surface. When the anti-lock sensor ring is dismounted from a disc brake band, the plane defined by the retention surface and the plane defined by the support surface are facing each other in order to create opposing gripping elements.

A wheel sensor arrangement can include a first wheel speed sensor and a second wheel speed sensor. The first wheel speed sensor can include or be implemented with a first semiconductor die and can provide data regarding a speed of a rotating wheel. The second wheel speed sensor can also include or be implemented with a second semiconductor die and can provide data regarding the speed of the rotating wheel. The second semiconductor die can be galvanically isolated from the first semiconductor die. The wheel sensor arrangement can include a mold housing that forms around the first wheel speed sensor and the second wheel speed sensor. The mold housing can include a separation feature between the first sensor and the second sensor.

A wheel sensor arrangement can include a first wheel speed sensor and a second wheel speed sensor. The first wheel speed sensor can include or be implemented with a first semiconductor die and can provide data regarding a speed of a rotating wheel. The second wheel speed sensor can also include or be implemented with a second semiconductor die and can provide data regarding the speed of the rotating wheel. The second semiconductor die can be galvanically isolated from the first semiconductor die. The wheel sensor arrangement can include a mold housing that forms around the first wheel speed sensor and the second wheel speed sensor. The mold housing can include a separation feature between the first sensor and the second sensor.

A turbine arrangement for a gas turbine engine comprising a turbine shaft. An axial array of turbine rotors, having a first axial end and a second axial end. A drive arm coupled between the turbine shaft and the first axial end. A measurement system arranged to measure a parameter of the turbine arrangement, the measurement system positioned at the second axial end. The parameter may be rotational speed.

A turbine arrangement for a gas turbine engine comprising a turbine shaft. An axial array of turbine rotors, having a first axial end and a second axial end. A drive arm coupled between the turbine shaft and the first axial end. A measurement system arranged to measure a parameter of the turbine arrangement, the measurement system positioned at the second axial end. The parameter may be rotational speed.

A structured-light-velocimetry method includes extracting one or more bursts from a time-varying signal generated by detecting scattered light from a tracer particle passing through a structured optical beam; fitting each of the one or more bursts to a multi-variable model to extract a plurality of fitted parameters; and executing a machine-learning model with the plurality of fitted parameters to predict an angular velocity of the tracer particle.

An encoder device for determining a kinematic value of the movement of a first object relative to a second object is provided, wherein the encoder device comprises a standard associated with the first object and at least one scanning unit associated with the second object for producing at least one scanning signal by detection of the standard and a control and evaluation unit that is configured to determine the kinematic value from the scanning signal. The control and evaluation unit is here further configured to determine the kinematic value by an evaluation of the scanning signal using a method of machine learning, with the evaluation being trained with a plurality of scanning signals and associated kinematic values.

A system and method for determining a position and or speed of a rotating shaft includes a target wheel for securement to a rotatable shaft, the target wheel including a plurality of North/South pole pairs, each pole of each North/South pole pairs being essentially the same size; and a sensor assembly. The sensor assembly includes a first magnetic sensor array for sensing the pole pairs to provide a cosine signal and a sine signal and a second magnetic sensor array for sensing the pole pairs to provide a cosine signal and a sine signal, wherein the second magnetic sensor array is disposed transverse to the first magnetic sensor array. An electronic processor is configured to receive inputs from the first magnetic sensor array and the second magnetic sensor array, and to determine a position and/or speed of the shaft.