An integrated circuit is provided that comprise a receive unit to be tested for receiving an input signal and storing the input signal at a predetermined point of time. Additionally, it comprises a processor for applying an error correction to the received input signal, for comparing the error corrected signal with an expectation value and for outputting an error message when the filtered input signal does not correspond to the expectation value. A power source supplies the receive unit to be tested with an adjustable voltage and/or and adjustable current. An adjustment unit varies the predetermined point in time and the adjustable voltage respectively the adjustable current.

A circuit is disclosed. The circuit includes a time-to-digital converter (TDC), and an evaluation circuit coupled to the TDC and a phase-locked loop (PLL) external to the circuit.

A test and measurement system includes a machine learning system, a test and measurement device including a port configured to connect the test and measurement device to a device under test (DUT), and one or more processors, configured to execute code that causes the one or more processors to: acquire a waveform from the device under test (DUT),transform the waveform into a composite waveform image, and send the composite waveform image to the machine learning system to obtain a bit error ratio (BER) value for the DUT. A method of determining a bit error ratio for a device under test (DUT), includes acquiring one or more waveforms from the DUT, transforming the one or more waveforms into a composite waveform image, and sending the composite waveform image to a machine learning system to obtain a bit error ratio (BER) value for the DUT.

An error rate measuring apparatus that inputs a PAM4 signal of a known pattern as a test signal to a device under test W, receives a signal from the device under test W compliant with the input of the test signal, and measures whether or not an FEC operation of the device under test W is possible based on a comparison result of the received signal and the test signal includes an operation unit that sets one Codeword length and one FEC Symbol length of the FEC as a setting parameter to the signal received from the device under test W according to a communication standard of the device under test W, and a display unit that parallel-displays MSB data and LSB data of each piece of symbol string data obtained by receiving and converting the signal from the device under test W on a display screen.

A circuit is disclosed. The circuit includes a time-to-digital converter (TDC), and an evaluation circuit coupled to the TDC and a phase-locked loop (PLL) external to the circuit.

A system for capturing an eye diagram is disclosed. In various embodiments, the system includes: a delay line arranged to receive a digital signal and output a time delayed version of the digital signal; an edge detection circuit arranged to receive the digital signal and the time delayed version of the digital signal, the edge detection circuit operating to output a signal corresponding to a logical value of the digital signal received coincident with an edge of the time delay version of the digital signal; a voltage comparator arranged to receive the digital signal and a reference voltage, the voltage comparator operating to output a first signal when a voltage of the digital signal and the reference voltage are equal to each other; and a controller that includes: an edge detection circuit receiver connected to receive the output signal from the edge detection circuit; a delay line control circuit connected to provide a delay time control signal to the delay line; a voltage comparator receiver connected to receive the first signal from the voltage comparator; and a voltage control unit connected to provide a controlled voltage to the voltage comparator.

A tester including an interface configured to interface with an electronic device and a logic circuit. The logic circuit includes a pattern generator and at least one finite-state machine and is configured to sequentially acquire read data from the electronic device at sequential testing points of a testing range for evaluating an operating parameter of the electronic device or the tester until a set of consecutive passing points having a first passing point and a last passing point is identified, in response to identifying the first passing point, write data within the logic circuit of the tester identifying the first passing point, in response to identifying the second passing point, write data within the logic circuit of the tester identifying the second passing point, and output only data identifying the first passing point and data identifying the last passing point to a software application.

Described are methods and circuits for margin testing digital receivers. These methods and circuits prevent margins from collapsing in response to erroneously received data and can thus be used in receivers that employ historical data to reduce intersymbol interference (ISI). Some embodiments detect receive errors for input data streams of unknown patterns and can thus be used for in-system margin testing. Such systems can be adapted to dynamically alter system parameters during device operation to maintain adequate margins despite fluctuations in the system noise environment due to e.g. temperature and supply-voltage changes. Also described are methods of plotting and interpreting filtered and unfiltered error data generated by the disclosed methods and circuits. Some embodiments filter error data to facilitate pattern-specific margin testing.

Described are methods and circuits for margin testing digital receivers. These methods and circuits prevent margins from collapsing in response to erroneously received data and can thus be used in receivers that employ historical data to reduce intersymbol interference (ISI). Some embodiments detect receive errors for input data streams of unknown patterns and can thus be used for in-system margin testing. Such systems can be adapted to dynamically alter system parameters during device operation to maintain adequate margins despite fluctuations in the system noise environment due to e.g. temperature and supply-voltage changes. Also described are methods of plotting and interpreting filtered and unfiltered error data generated by the disclosed methods and circuits. Some embodiments filter error data to facilitate pattern-specific margin testing.

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method and an apparatus of analyzing data, and a storage medium. The method of analyzing data includes: obtaining a single shmoo plot of each pin of a memory particle; and constructing an integrated shmoo plot of the memory particle based on the single shmoo plot of each of the pins, wherein each test point of the integrated shmoo plot is marked with a pass proportion, and the pass proportion is configured to represent a proportion of a quantity of passed single shmoo plots at a corresponding test point to a total quantity of the single shmoo plots.