Systems and methods for logically organizing data for storage and recovery on a data storage medium using a multi-level format are described. Embodiments include systems and methods for protecting data stored on a data storage medium so that the data may be recovered without errors.

According to one embodiment, sector groups are generated from M (M is an integer of 2 or larger) sector data, one parity sector unit is generated from N (N is an integer of 1 or larger) sector groups in which the M sector data are interleaved for the individual sector groups, and one parity sector group in which K (K is as integer of 2 or larger) parity sectors corresponding to K parity sector units are turned into long sector is generated.

A data storage device is disclosed comprising a storage medium. First data is encoded into a first codeword, and second data is encoded into a second codeword, wherein a first code rate of the first codeword is less than a second code rate of the second codeword. The first codeword and the second codeword are interleaved to generate an interleaved codeword that is written to the storage medium.

A data storage device includes an electrical connector configured to receive an input voltage to power electronics of the data storage device. The data storage device further includes a fuse electrically coupled between the electrical connector and the electronics. The fuse is configured to output a signal indicative of current being inputted to the data storage device. The data storage device further includes a controller configured to calculate power based on the input voltage and the signal indicative of the current.

Various illustrative aspects are directed to a data storage device, comprising one or more disks; an actuator arm assembly comprising one or more heads, and configured to position the one or more heads proximate to disk surfaces of the one or more disks; and one or more processing devices. The one or more processing devices are configured to detect one or more physical defects on a recording medium; designate, in a mapping of the recording medium, the one or more physical defects for exclusion from being assigned to data containers, the data containers configured for assignment of a plurality of logic blocks to the data containers, the logic blocks configured to store the data to be written that are being interleaved across a plurality of sectors based on a distributed sector encoding scheme; and designate one or more artificial defects adjacent to the one or more physical defects for exclusion from being assigned to the data containers in the mapping.

A method includes encoding a sector of data to be written to a data storage device with a single error correcting code (ECC). The sector of data is divided into N individually readable and writeable portions, with N≥2. The individually readable and writeable portions of the sector of data are separated with a space between the portions of the sector of data in a pattern.

A magnetic disk device includes a disk including a plurality of error sectors including a defect, a first track having a first parity sector, and a controller. The controller is configured to, upon receiving a write command to write first data in a first region of a portion of the first track, which is a portion of the first track, first perform an XOR operation on all sectors of the first track other than one or more sectors of the first region and the first parity sector of the first track, and then write the first data in the one or more sectors of the first region, perform a second XOR operation on the one or more sectors of the first region and the result of the first XOR operation, and write the result of the second XOR operation in the first parity sector.

A data storage device includes an electrical connector configured to receive an input voltage to power electronics of the data storage device. The data storage device further includes a fuse electrically coupled between the electrical connector and the electronics. The fuse is configured to output a signal indicative of current being inputted to the data storage device. The data storage device further includes a controller configured to calculate power based on the input voltage and the signal indicative of the current.

A data storage device is disclosed comprising a non-energy assist (NEA) head configured to access a first disk surface, and an energy assist (EA) head configured to access a second disk surface. The data storage device further comprises control circuitry configured to write data to the first disk surface, and migrate at least part of the data to the second disk surface.

A method for storing data in groups of logical data sectors across a plurality of contiguous data tracks of a data storage medium includes defining a plurality of interleaver patterns, each interleaver pattern including a sector interleaving pattern specifying a respective order in which segments of respective ones of the logical data sectors are spread across physical data sectors of a respective one of the contiguous data tracks. For each respective group of logical data sectors, a respective interleaver pattern is selected. Data is written from each group of logical data sectors to one of the data tracks using the selected interleaver pattern. Each respective group of logical data sectors is written to its respective data track using a different interleaver pattern from any other group of logical data sectors written to an adjacent data track, so that no two adjacent data tracks are written using the same interleaver pattern.