A semiconductor light-emitting device includes a GaAs (gallium arsenide) substrate of a cubic crystal, a light-emitting layer and a multi-semiconductor layer. The light-emitting layer being provided on the GaAs substrate. The light-emitting layer includes InGaAs (indium gallium arsenide) represented by a compositional formula InxGa1-xAs (0<x<1). The multi-semiconductor layer being provided on a front surface of the GaAs substrate between the GaAs substrate and the light-emitting layer. The multi-semiconductor layer is tilted with respect to a (100) plane of the cubic crystal. The multi-semiconductor layer includes a first layer and a second layer. The first and second layers are alternately stacked in a direction perpendicular to the front surface of the GaAs substrate. The first layer is different in composition from the second layer.

A semiconductor light-emitting device includes a GaAs (gallium arsenide) substrate of a cubic crystal, a light-emitting layer and a multi-semiconductor layer. The light-emitting layer being provided on the GaAs substrate. The light-emitting layer includes InGaAs (indium gallium arsenide) represented by a compositional formula InxGa1-xAs (0<x<1). The multi-semiconductor layer being provided on a front surface of the GaAs substrate between the GaAs substrate and the light-emitting layer. The multi-semiconductor layer is tilted with respect to a (100) plane of the cubic crystal. The multi-semiconductor layer includes a first layer and a second layer. The first and second layers are alternately stacked in a direction perpendicular to the front surface of the GaAs substrate. The first layer is different in composition from the second layer.

An optical transformer includes a light source and an array of photovoltaic cells optically coupled to the light source, where at least a portion of the photovoltaic cells are connected in series. An optical connector such as a waveguide or an optical fiber may be disposed between an output of the light source and an input of the array of photovoltaic cells. Configured to generate a high voltage output, the optical transformer may be configured to power a device such as an actuator that provides a tunable displacement as a function of voltage.

An optical transformer includes a light source and an array of photovoltaic cells optically coupled to the light source, where at least a portion of the photovoltaic cells are connected in series. An optical connector such as a waveguide or an optical fiber may be disposed between an output of the light source and an input of the array of photovoltaic cells. Configured to generate a high voltage output, the optical transformer may be configured to power a device such as an actuator that provides a tunable displacement as a function of voltage.

A method for forming a molded proximity sensor with an optical resin lens and the structure formed thereby. A light sensor chip is placed on a substrate, such as a printed circuit board, and a diode, such as a laser diode, is positioned on top of the light sensor chip and electrically connected to a bonding pad on the light sensor chip. Transparent, optical resin in liquid form is applied as a drop over the light sensor array on the light sensor chip as well as over the light-emitting diode. After the optical resin is cured, a molding compound is applied to an entire assembly, after which the assembly is polished to expose the lenses and have a top surface flush with the top surface of the molding compound.

A method for forming a molded proximity sensor with an optical resin lens and the structure formed thereby. A light sensor chip is placed on a substrate, such as a printed circuit board, and a diode, such as a laser diode, is positioned on top of the light sensor chip and electrically connected to a bonding pad on the light sensor chip. Transparent, optical resin in liquid form is applied as a drop over the light sensor array on the light sensor chip as well as over the light-emitting diode. After the optical resin is cured, a molding compound is applied to an entire assembly, after which the assembly is polished to expose the lenses and have a top surface flush with the top surface of the molding compound.

A chip package structure includes a substrate having a first surface and a second surface being opposite surfaces of the substrate; a housing disposed on the first surface of the substrate and enclosing a chip region; and a chip set disposed in the chip region and electrically connected to the substrate. The chip set includes a first chip and a second chip, and an active surface of the second chip faces the active surface of the first chip.

[Object] Provided are a light receiving device and a light receiving circuit that are capable of performing highly accurate ranging with an increased field of view (FOV).

[Solving Means] A light receiving device according to the present disclosure includes a light detector array including a plurality of pixels each configured to output a pulse in response to a reaction of a light detector with a photon, a counter circuit configured to count the pulse outputted from at least one of the pixels of the light detector array, and a control circuit configured to select, from the light detector array, one of the pixels to be enabled and one of the pixels to be disabled, on the basis of the number of counts of the pulse from the counter circuit.

An illustrative optical measurement system includes a light source configured to emit a light pulse directed at a target. The optical measurement system further includes a control circuit configured to drive the light source with a current pulse comprising a non-linear rise, and a decline from a maximum output to zero having a duration within a threshold percentage of a total pulse duration of the current pulse.

A self-contained clean energy system includes mirrors that amplify and reflect light received from a battery-powered LED to an angled chamber lined with alternating solar cells and mirrors to power the system and to further power LED lights in similar systems in communication with the clean energy system, which is independent of a power grid.