An ice processing system may include a plurality of electrodes configured to create a time-varying electromagnetic field in a cavity, and a controller configured to oscillate a density of the electromagnetic field at a frequency which depends on the temperature of an object in the cavity. The frequency is selected based on a temperature of the object to establish and maintain a resonance condition of dipoles in ice crystals present in the object, such that the electromagnetic field tends to selectively heat ice substantially without heating liquid-phase water.

A welding apparatus (1) for radio-frequency, RF, welding, comprises: a clamp (10) having two electrodes (100, 101; 100′, 101′) being movable with respect to one another for clamping one or more items (2; 2′) therebetween for a welding process; and an RF power supply (11) for providing an RF welding current to the electrodes (100, 101; 100′, 101′) of the clamp (10), the RF power supply being adapted to change the frequency of the RF welding current during the welding process.

A welding apparatus (1) for radio-frequency, RF, welding, comprises: a clamp (10) having two electrodes (100, 101; 100′, 101′) being movable with respect to one another for clamping one or more items (2; 2′) therebetween for a welding process; and an RF power supply (11) for providing an RF welding current to the electrodes (100, 101; 100′, 101′) of the clamp (10), the RF power supply being adapted to change the frequency of the RF welding current during the welding process.

In a method of producing a membrane electrode assembly, a solid polymer electrolyte membrane and gas diffusion layers are stacked together in a stacking direction in a manner that electrode catalyst layers are interposed between at least parts of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane and the gas diffusion layers to form a stack body. A load is applied to the stack body in the stacking direction, and the temperature of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane is increased by high frequency dielectric heating. In this manner, the gas diffusion layers, the electrode catalyst layers, and the solid polymer electrolyte membrane are joined integrally to obtain the membrane electrode assembly.

A defrosting system includes an RF signal source, two electrodes proximate to a cavity within which a load to be defrosted is positioned, a transmission path between the RF signal source and the electrodes, and an impedance matching network electrically coupled along the transmission path between the output of the RF signal source and the electrodes. The system also includes power detection circuitry coupled to the transmission path and configured to detect reflected signal power along the transmission path. A system controller is configured to modify, based on the reflected signal power, values of variable capacitors of the impedance matching network to reduce the reflected signal power. The impedance matching network may be a single-ended network or a double-ended network.

A defrosting system includes an RF signal source, two electrodes proximate to a cavity within which a load to be defrosted is positioned, a transmission path between the RF signal source and the electrodes, and an impedance matching network electrically coupled along the transmission path between the output of the RF signal source and the electrodes. The system also includes power detection circuitry coupled to the transmission path and configured to detect reflected signal power along the transmission path. A system controller is configured to modify, based on the reflected signal power, values of variable capacitors of the impedance matching network to reduce the reflected signal power. The impedance matching network may be a single-ended network or a double-ended network.

A control method for a heating device and a heating device are provided. The heating device includes an electromagnetic wave generation module configured to generate an electromagnetic wave signal for heating an object to be processed. The control method includes: determining or obtaining attribute information of the object to be processed, the attribute information at least including food groups, and each of the food groups including at least one food variety; determining operating power and/or operating time of the electromagnetic wave generation module according to the attribute information; and controlling the electromagnetic wave generation module to operate according to the operating power and/or the operating time. Uneven heating and local overheating caused by different contents of substances in foods of different varieties are reduced as compared with using a fixed operating parameter.

A control method for a heating device and a heating device are provided. The heating device includes an electromagnetic wave generation module configured to generate an electromagnetic wave signal for heating an object to be processed. The control method includes: determining or obtaining attribute information of the object to be processed, the attribute information at least including food groups, and each of the food groups including at least one food variety; determining operating power and/or operating time of the electromagnetic wave generation module according to the attribute information; and controlling the electromagnetic wave generation module to operate according to the operating power and/or the operating time. Uneven heating and local overheating caused by different contents of substances in foods of different varieties are reduced as compared with using a fixed operating parameter.

A dielectric welding film capable of achieving a tight welding through a short period of dielectric heating, and a welding method using the dielectric welding film are provided. The dielectric welding film is configured to weld a pair of adherends of the same material or different materials through dielectric heating, the dielectric welding film including a thermoplastic resin as an A component and a dielectric filler as a B component and satisfying the conditions (i) and (ii): (i) a melting point or softening point measured in accordance with JIS K 7121 (1987) is in a range from 80 to 200 degrees C.; and (ii) heat of fusion measured in accordance with JIS K 7121 (1987) is in a range from 1 to 80 J/g.

A dielectric welding film capable of achieving a tight welding through a short period of dielectric heating, and a welding method using the dielectric welding film are provided. The dielectric welding film is configured to weld a pair of adherends of the same material or different materials through dielectric heating, the dielectric welding film including a thermoplastic resin as an A component and a dielectric filler as a B component and satisfying the conditions (i) and (ii): (i) a melting point or softening point measured in accordance with JIS K 7121 (1987) is in a range from 80 to 200 degrees C.; and (ii) heat of fusion measured in accordance with JIS K 7121 (1987) is in a range from 1 to 80 J/g.