The present application relates to detection units and methods for detecting one or more target analytes in a sample using a complex formed by a target and first and second probes, wherein the complex comprises an elongated region, a particle that is coupled to the first probe, and a solid support that is coupled to the second probe. Specific binding of a target analyte can be distinguished from non-specific binding of the particle by measuring the displacement of the particle.

The invention provides monoferrocenyl compounds of general formula I. The invention also provides substrates labelled with the compounds, functionalised derivatives of the compounds and methods of using the compounds, functionalised derivatives and labelled substrates in electrochemical assays.

An electrochemical method for measuring the activity of biomarkers using microelectrode arrays functionalized with peptide consensus sequences and redox reporter moieties. Contact of the arrays with a biological sample containing one or more target biomarkers results in cleavage of the peptides and changes the electric current across the array in a quantifiable manner indicating not just the presence of the target biomarker in the sample, but its activity.

The embodiments disclose a method including functionalizing a biosensor with a biologic analytical target prior to installation into a detection cartridge, depositing a test subject bodily fluid test sample onto the biosensor surface, inserting the detection cartridge into a portable detection cartridge reader, measuring the electrical impedance of the bodily fluid test sample across biosensor energized electrodes, providing algorithms for analyzing measured electrical impedance data of the bodily fluid test sample obtained in the detection cartridge, identifying and determining the presence of biologic analytical target molecules in the bodily fluid test sample, and transmitting results of the test results to the test subject.

An electrochemical aptamer-based (E-AB) sensor is disclosed. The sensor is a closed bipolar electrode having a first end and a second end. The first end comprises an electrochromic material. The second end comprises an electrocatalyst and an oligonucleotide aptamer tethered to the second end. Further, the oligonucleotide aptamer is labelled with a redox indicator.

Some examples herein provide methods for determining a sequence of a nucleic acid template hybridized to a complementary strand. A polymerase coupled to a magnetically-responsive sensor may capture the nucleic acid template hybridized to the complementary strand. The polymerase and the captured nucleic acid template hybridized to the complementary strand may be contacted with a first fluid comprising a nucleotide. The polymerase may incorporate the nucleotide into the complementary strand based on the sequence of the nucleic acid template. The polymerase and the captured nucleic acid template hybridized to the complementary strand, including the incorporated nucleotide, may be contacted with a second fluid comprising a magnetic particle. The incorporated nucleotide may capture the magnetic particle from the second fluid. The captured magnetic particle may cause a change in electrical resistance at the magnetically-responsive sensor. The change in electrical resistance may be used to identify the incorporated nucleotide.

An apparatus and method to detect disease-specific antigens assists in disease diagnosis. Point-of-care (POC) micro biochip incorporates at least one hydrophilic microchannel for controlled and self-driven flow of body fluid. Metallic nano-interdigitated electrodes disposed within the channels give enhanced sensitivity detection. Microchannel controls flow and amplifies a capillary effect. Electrodes are fabricated on microchannel surface to detect biomolecular interactions. When a sample flows through microchannel, disease-specific antigens from the sample form antigen-antibody complex with antibodies immobilized on electrodes. Antigen-antibody interaction is detected via an electrical change in the biochip's nano circuit. Each electrode may include a different antibody to detect different antigens. Capacitance during antigen-antibody interaction without microfluidic flow is higher than with microfluidic flow due to immobilized antibodies instability on sensing surface caused by shear stress. POC biochip provides nano level detection of many disease-specific antigens of any type based on micro volume or single drop sized sample.

The present disclosure relates to a rapid genetic screening method and device. The method includes: collecting a sample to be tested of a patient through a micro-fluidic chip, where the sample to be tested includes a whole blood or saliva or nasopharyngeal swab or wound swab sample of a patient; lysing and amplifying the sample to be tested in the micro-fluidic chip to obtain an amplified nucleic acid segment; fusing a biosensor with amplification liquid, where the biosensor is provided with a DNA probe which can only be bounded to a specific nucleic acid segment and in which an impedance may dramatically change before and after the bounding; and inputting an electrical signal to the biosensor, testing a signal of an output end, and determining whether a nucleic acid segment matched with the DNA probe exists in the sample to be tested of the patient. The DNA probe can be replaced to test whether different nucleic acid segments exist. A person only need to collect the sample to be tested of the patient, select a probe, and configure simple parameters, so that the operations are simple, without performing nucleic acid extraction and purification on the sample to be tested, and the testing efficiency is greatly improved.

A system and method for the detection of saliva biomarkers in bodily fluids is described. In particular, the system is suitable for detecting biomarkers of lung cancer in a subject. The system includes an electrochemical sensor chip having at least one well, wherein the at least one well contains a working electrode coated with a conducting polymer functionalized with at least one capture probe, and at least one labeled detector probe. When the at least one labeled detector probe is mixed with a sample of the subject containing a biomarker of lung cancer and added to the at least one well, an electric current is applied to the sample, such that when at least some of the biomarker binds to the capture probe, a measurable change in electric current in the sample is created that is indicative of lung cancer.

We disclose an in-toilet urinalysis system which includes a system for collection urine and for analysis of urine components using aptamer technology. Urine collection system may dispense urine into cuvettes, channels, or other containers that include aptamers. The aptamers may detect target molecules in urine. The aptamers may measure urine analytes, detect excreted drugs or drug metabolites, or disease markers. Upon binding to the target molecule, the aptamers may produce a signal which a sensor in the toilet may detect. In some embodiments, the signal may be electrochemical, fluorescent, or colorimetric. The measurements obtained from analysis of the urine may be used to assess a user's health or diagnose disease. In some embodiments, the measurements are stored in a controller which may transmit the measurements to a healthcare provider for assessment.