Disclosed herein is a system for measuring a microwave dielectric property of a solid material under force. The system measures the microwave dielectric property of the solid material under a horizontal pressure. A shield case for microwave electromagnetic shielding is provided outside the system. The shield case includes a layer of pure aluminum and a layer of pyramids made of a microwave absorbing material. A manual hydraulic pump controls loading and unloading of a pressure loading device.

Disclosed herein is a system for measuring a microwave dielectric property of a solid material under force. The system measures the microwave dielectric property of the solid material under a horizontal pressure. A shield case for microwave electromagnetic shielding is provided outside the system. The shield case includes a layer of pure aluminum and a layer of pyramids made of a microwave absorbing material. A manual hydraulic pump controls loading and unloading of a pressure loading device.

An electrode includes a conductor, an insulator, and a housing. The insulator is positioned at least partially around the conductor. The housing is positioned at least partially around the conductor. An upper surface of the insulator may be at least partially concave, an outer surface of the housing may have a groove formed therein, or both.

A sensor device for monitoring dielectric strength of a dielectric fluid has a sensor body which supports a sensitive part (SGi), designed for contact with the dielectric fluid. The sensitive part (SGi) comprises at least one pair of electrodes (E1, E2) having respective surface portions arranged at a predefined micrometric or sub-micrometric distance, to define therebetween at least one detection gap between which part of the dielectric fluid is suitable to seep in. The sensor device has a circuit arrangement comprising: means for generating an electric field between the two electrodes of the at least one pair of electrodes (E1, E2) starting from a known supply voltage, andmeans (V) for measuring a voltage representative of possible occurrence of an electric discharge between the two electrodes of the at least one pair of electrodes (E1, E2) through the dielectric fluid (5) present in the at least one detection gap (G), following generation of the electric field.

An electrode includes a conductor, an insulator, and a housing. The insulator is positioned at least partially around the conductor. The housing is positioned at least partially around the conductor. An upper surface of the insulator may be at least partially concave, an outer surface of the housing may have a groove formed therein, or both.