A low energy transmitter is provided. The transmitter includes an antenna circuit wherein the antenna circuit has an antenna positive node interface (Vop) and an antenna negative node interface (Von); a reference voltage source that supplies a reference voltage to the antenna circuit; and a common mode feedback (CMFB) circuit coupled to the antenna circuit that receives from the antenna circuit inputs from the Vop and the Von and supplies at least one signal to the antenna circuit.

A voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), a method of designing a voltage controlled oscillator, and a design structure comprising a semiconductor substrate including a voltage controlled oscillator are disclosed. In one embodiment, the VCO comprises an LC tank circuit for generating an oscillator output at an oscillator frequency, and an oscillator core including cross-coupled semiconductor devices to provide feedback to the tank circuit. The VCO further comprises a supply node, a tail node, and a noise by-pass circuit connected to the supply and tail nodes, in parallel with the tank circuit and the oscillator core. The by-pass circuit forms a low-impedance path at a frequency approximately twice the oscillator frequency to at least partially immunize the oscillator core from external noise and to reduce noise contribution from the cross-coupled semiconductor devices.

A low energy transmitter is provided. The transmitter includes an antenna circuit wherein the antenna circuit has an antenna positive node interface (Vop) and an antenna negative node interface (Von); a reference voltage source that supplies a reference voltage to the antenna circuit; and a common mode feedback (CMFB) circuit coupled to the antenna circuit that receives from the antenna circuit inputs from the Vop and the Von and supplies at least one signal to the antenna circuit.

A voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) having an operating frequency dependent on a total capacitance of selectable tuning capacitors can be fabricated within an integrated circuit (IC). The VCO can include active electronic devices fabricated within a set of lower layers of the IC and selectable tuning capacitors having electrically conductive structures separated by dielectric material fabricated within a set of upper layers of the IC. The upper layers of the IC are located above the set of lower layers of the IC. The VCO can also include a set of interconnect structures configurable to select a total capacitance of the selectable tuning capacitors by electrically interconnecting the first portion of the VCO to capacitors of the at least one selectable tuning capacitor.

Disclosed include methods and devices for enabling a battery free Bluetooth low energy communication. Some embodiments include a transmitter and a reference voltage generator supplying a voltage to an oscillator circuit. Further, some embodiments include an oscillator circuit including two pairs of semiconductor devices, wherein each pair of a semiconductor device includes a device with a gate node coupled to an antenna positive node interface (Vop) via a capacitor and a drain connected to an antenna negative node interface (Von) and a device with a gate node coupled to an antenna positive node interface (Von) via a capacitor and a drain connected to an antenna negative node interface (Vop). Additionally, some embodiments include an oscillator circuit connected to a common mode feedback circuit.

A voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), a method of designing a voltage controlled oscillator, and a design structure comprising a semiconductor substrate including a voltage controlled oscillator are disclosed. In one embodiment, the VCO comprises an LC tank circuit for generating an oscillator output at an oscillator frequency, and an oscillator core including cross-coupled semiconductor devices to provide feedback to the tank circuit. The VCO further comprises a supply node, a tail node, and a noise by-pass circuit connected to the supply and tail nodes, in parallel with the tank circuit and the oscillator core. The by-pass circuit forms a low-impedance path at a frequency approximately twice the oscillator frequency to at least partially immunize the oscillator core from external noise and to reduce noise contribution from the cross-coupled semiconductor devices.

Disclosed include methods and devices for enabling a battery free Bluetooth low energy communication. Some embodiments include a transmitter and a reference voltage generator supplying a voltage to an oscillator circuit. Further, some embodiments include an oscillator circuit including two pairs of semiconductor devices, wherein each pair of a semiconductor device includes a device with a gate node coupled to an antenna positive node interface (Vop) via a capacitor and a drain connected to an antenna negative node interface (Von) and a device with a gate node coupled to an antenna positive node interface (Von) via a capacitor and a drain connected to an antenna negative node interface (Vop). Additionally, some embodiments include an oscillator circuit connected to a common mode feedback circuit.

A voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), a method of designing a voltage controlled oscillator, and a design structure comprising a semiconductor substrate including a voltage controlled oscillator are disclosed. In one embodiment, the VCO comprises an LC tank circuit for generating an oscillator output at an oscillator frequency, and an oscillator core including cross-coupled semiconductor devices to provide feedback to the tank circuit. The VCO further comprises a supply node, a tail node, and a noise by-pass circuit connected to the supply and tail nodes, in parallel with the tank circuit and the oscillator core. The by-pass circuit forms a low-impedance path at a frequency approximately twice the oscillator frequency to at least partially immunize the oscillator core from external noise and to reduce noise contribution from the cross-coupled semiconductor devices.

A voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), a method of designing a voltage controlled oscillator, and a design structure comprising a semiconductor substrate including a voltage controlled oscillator are disclosed. In one embodiment, the VCO comprises an LC tank circuit for generating an oscillator output at an oscillator frequency, and an oscillator core including cross-coupled semiconductor devices to provide feedback to the tank circuit. The VCO further comprises a supply node, a tail node, and a noise by-pass circuit connected to the supply and tail nodes, in parallel with the tank circuit and the oscillator core. The by-pass circuit forms a low-impedance path at a frequency approximately twice the oscillator frequency to at least partially immunize the oscillator core from external noise and to reduce noise contribution from the cross-coupled semiconductor devices.

A voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) having an operating frequency dependent on a total capacitance of selectable tuning capacitors can be fabricated within an integrated circuit (IC). The VCO can include active electronic devices fabricated within a set of lower layers of the IC and selectable tuning capacitors having electrically conductive structures separated by dielectric material fabricated within a set of upper layers of the IC. The upper layers of the IC are located above the set of lower layers of the IC. The VCO can also include a set of interconnect structures configurable to select a total capacitance of the selectable tuning capacitors by electrically interconnecting the first portion of the VCO to capacitors of the at least one selectable tuning capacitor.