A laser annealing apparatus (1) according to the embodiment includes: a laser beam source (11) configured to emit a laser beam (L1) to crystallize an amorphous silicon film (101a) on a substrate (100) and to form a poly-silicon film (101b); a projection lens (13) configured to condense the laser beam to irradiate a silicon film (101); a probe beam source configured to emit a probe beam (L2); a photodetector (25) configured to detect the probe beam (L3) transmitted through the silicon film (101), a processing apparatus (26) configured to calculate a standard deviation of detection values of a detection signal output from the photodetector, and to determine a crystalline state of the crystallized film based on the standard deviation.

A 3D semiconductor device, the device including: a first level including single crystal first transistors, and a first metal layer, where the first level is overlaid by a first isolation layer; a second level including second transistors, where the first isolation layer is overlaid by the second level, and where the second level is overlaid by a second isolation layer; a third level including single crystal third transistors, where the second isolation layer is overlaid by the third level, where the third level is overlaid by a third isolation layer, where the third level is bonded to the second isolation layer, where the bonded includes at least one oxide to oxide bond, and where the bonded includes at least one metal to metal bond.

This application discloses a display panel, a method for manufacturing a display panel, and a display device. The method includes steps of forming, in a display region of the display panel, a first active switch including a first semiconductor layer, and forming, in a non-display region of the display panel, a second active switch including a second semiconductor layer. A material of the first semiconductor layer formed is an oxide, a material of the second semiconductor layer formed is polysilicon, and the first semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer are formed on an identical layer.

A method for producing a 3D memory device, the method including: providing a first level including a single crystal layer and control circuits, where the control circuits include a plurality of first transistors; forming at least one second level above the first level; performing a first etch step including etching holes within the second level; performing additional processing steps to form a plurality of first memory cells within the second level, where each of the first memory cells include one of a plurality of second transistors, where the control circuits include memory peripheral circuits, where at least one of the first memory cells is at least partially atop a portion of the memory peripheral circuits, and where fabrication processing of the first transistors accounts for a temperature and time associated with the processing the second level and the plurality of second transistors by adjusting a process thermal budget of the first level accordingly.

A method for producing a 3D memory device, the method comprising: providing a first level comprising a first single crystal layer; forming first alignment marks and control circuits comprising first single crystal transistors, wherein said control circuits comprise at least two metal layers; forming at least one second level above said control circuits; performing a first etch step within said second level; forming at least one third level above said at least one second level; performing a second etch step within said third level; and performing additional processing steps to form a plurality of first memory cells within said second level and a plurality of second memory cells within said third level, wherein said first etch step comprises performing a lithography step aligned to said first alignment marks.

A transistor having a vertical structure can include a substrate, a first electrode disposed on the substrate, a second electrode disposed on the substrate, an insulation pattern disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, an active layer connected between the first electrode and the second electrode, a channel area of the active layer disposed along a side surface of the insulation pattern and around an upper edge of the insulation pattern, a gate electrode disposed on the active layer, and a gate insulating film disposed between the gate electrode and the active layer.

A hybrid-control pixel includes a TFT substrate, a TFT circuit formed on the TFT substrate, a micro-device having an integrated-circuit substrate separate and independent from the TFT substrate disposed on or over the TFT substrate, a micro-circuit electrically connected to the TFT circuit, and an LED or other device disposed on the integrated circuit or the TFT substrate. The LED can be electrically connected to the micro-circuit and the TFT circuit and the micro-circuit together control the LED.

A method for etching an insulating layer includes: sequentially forming a first gate insulating layer, an amorphous silicon layer, a first interlayer insulating layer, and a second interlayer insulating layer on a substrate; applying a photoresist on the second interlayer insulating layer, and patterning the photoresist through a photo-process; first etching the second interlayer insulating layer and the first interlayer insulating layer until at least a portion of the amorphous silicon layer is exposed by using the patterned photoresist as a mask; second etching the second interlayer insulating layer and the first interlayer insulating layer; third etching the amorphous silicon layer; and fourth etching the first gate insulating layer, wherein an etching gas used in the second etching includes a material having a higher etching selection ratio of the first and second interlayer insulating layers to the amorphous silicon layer than an etching gas used in the first etching.

A manufacturing method of an electronic device is provided, which includes following steps. A substrate is provided. A conductive layer is formed on the substrate. A circuit structure is formed on the conductive layer. The circuit structure is patterned to form at least one opening. The at least one opening has a stepped profile. An electronic device is also provided.

In a thin film transistor, an increase in off current or negative shift of the threshold voltage is prevented. In the thin film transistor, a buffer layer is provided between an oxide semiconductor layer and each of a source electrode layer and a drain electrode layer. The buffer layer includes a metal oxide layer which is an insulator or a semiconductor over a middle portion of the oxide semiconductor layer. The metal oxide layer functions as a protective layer for suppressing incorporation of impurities into the oxide semiconductor layer. Therefore, in the thin film transistor, an increase in off current or negative shift of the threshold voltage can be prevented.